对17-4PH马氏体不锈钢进行3种热处理：固溶（1号试样）、调质+固溶（2号试样），固溶+调质+时效（3号试样和4号试样），得到不同微观观组织的17-4PH马氏体不锈钢试样。采用冲击试验、形貌观察、电化学性能测试、浸泡试验等研究了显微组织对17-4PH马氏体不锈钢0 ℃冲击韧性和点蚀敏感性的影响。结果表明：固溶+调质+时效处理试样的冲击韧性最高，固溶+调质处理试样的次之，固溶处理试样的冲击韧性最低。时效过程中，温度和时效是影响冲击韧性的主要因素。1号试样的腐蚀电位（E_corr）最低，经过调质和时效后，试样的E_corr大幅提高，几种试样的点蚀电位由高到低依次为2号＞4号＞3号>1号，腐蚀速率为1号＞3号＞4号＞2号。

Three kinds of heat treatments were performed on 17-4PH martensitic stainless steel: solution (sample No. 1), quenched and tempered + solution (sample No. 2), solution + quenched and tempered + aging (samples No. 3 and No. 4) ,and 17-4PH martensitic stainless steel with different microstructures was obtained. Impact test, morphology observation, electrochemical performance test, and immersion test were used to study the influence of microstructure on the impact toughness at 0 ℃ and pitting sensitivity of 17-4PH martensitic stainless steel. The results show that the impact toughness of the solid solution + quenched and tempered + aging treatment sample was the highest, followed by the solid solution + quenched and tempered sample, and the solution treated sample had the lowest impact toughness. During the aging process, temperature and aging were the main factors affecting impact toughness. The corrosion potential E_corr of No. 1 sample was the lowest. After quenching and tempering + aging, the E_corr of the sample was greatly improved. The pitting potential of several samples was No. 2 > No. 4 > No. 3 > No. 1 from high to low, and the corrosion rate was No. 1 > No. 3 > No. 4 > No. 2.