机械构件及产品制造过程中必然会引入残余应力，残余应力对构件性能和服役寿命有重要影响。残余应力的测试方法众多，X射线测试技术作为一种非破坏性测试方法，其理论成熟、方法简单，在工程上得到了广泛应用。基于X射线法测试技术原理，深入分析了对测试结果准确性有重要影响的10个因素，并提出可获得准确测试结果的技术措施。

Residual stress will inevitably be introduced during the manufacture of mechanical components and products. Residual stress has an important impact on component performance and service life. There are many methods for testing residual stress. As a nondestructive testing method, X-ray testing technology has been widely used in engineering due to its mature theory and simple method. Based on the principle of X-ray test technology, ten aspects that have an important impact on the accuracy of test results were analyzed and technical measures to obtain accurate test results were proposed.