耐磨铜合金的研究现状与发展趋势
Research Status and Development Trend of Wear-Resistant Copper Alloy
摘 要
机械设备高速度化及高性能化的发展要求耐磨铜合金具备更高的强度和更优异的耐磨性能。传统的铝青铜系、锰黄铜系和铅黄铜系等合金的性能虽已有所提升，但因受材料自身特性、加工工艺、环境保护等因素制约，其应用范围受限。从制备工艺、性能、应用领域等方面介绍了具备较高开发价值的Cu-Ni-Sn系、Cu-Al2O3系、Cu-Nb系、Cu-C系（包括铜/石墨、铜/石墨烯和铜/碳纳米管）和复杂黄铜等5种典型耐磨铜合金的应用现状和研究进展，对其开发应用中所存在的问题进行了分析，并对其发展前景进行了展望。
制备工艺
强度
耐磨性能
应用领域
wear-resistant copper alloy
preparation process
strength
wear resistance
application field
Abstract
Development of high speed and high performance of mechanical equipments requires higher strength and better wear resistance of wear-resistant copper alloys. Although performance of traditional aluminum bronze series, manganese brass series and lead brass series alloys has been improved, their application scope is limited by various factors, such as material characteristics, processing technology and environmental protection, respectively. The application status and research progress of five typical wear-resistant copper alloys with high application values including Cu-Ni-Sn series, Cu-Al2O3 series, Cu-Nb series, Cu-C series (including copper/graphite, copper/graphene and copper/carbon nanotubes) and complex brass are described from preparation process, properties and application field. The problems in their development and application are analyzed, and their development prospect is also discussed.
中图分类号 TG146 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202101001
所属栏目 综述
基金项目
收稿日期 2020/3/17
修改稿日期 2020/11/23
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注刘宇宁(1990-),男,湖北孝感人,工程师,硕士
引用该论文: LIU Yuning,WANG Yunpeng,ZHU Rufei,WANG Hu,BAI Yike,LOU Huafen. Research Status and Development Trend of Wear-Resistant Copper Alloy[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2021, 45(1): 1～7
刘宇宁,王云鹏,祝儒飞,王虎,白依可,娄花芬. 耐磨铜合金的研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 机械工程材料, 2021, 45(1): 1～7
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【17】BOTCHAROVA E,FREUDENBERGER J,SCHULTZ L.Cu-Nb alloys prepared by mechanical alloying and subsequent heat treatment[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2004,365(1/2):157-163.
【18】雷若姗, 汪明朴. Nb含量对机械合金化Cu-Nb合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2017,22(5):66-71. LEI R S, WANG M P. Effect of Nb content on microstructure and properties of mechanically alloyed Cu-Nb alloy[J]. Powder Metallurgy Materials Science and Engineering, 2017,22(5):66-71.
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【20】雷若姗, 汪明朴, 郭明星, 等. 形变复合法制备高强高导纳米Cu-Nb合金的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2008, 22(2):42-45. LEI R S, WANG M P, GUO M X, et al. Progress in the preparation of high-strength and high-admittance Cu-Nb alloys by deformation composite method[J]. Materials Reprots, 2008, 22(2):42-45.
【21】雷若姗, 汪明朴, 郭明星, 等. 机械合金化法制备Cu-Nb合金过程中的形变孪生特性[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2011,21(2):141-146. LEI R S, WANG M P, GUO M X, et al. Deformation twin characteristics of Cu-Nb alloy prepared by mechanical alloying[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2011, 22(2):141-146.
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【23】SHIKOV A, PANTSYRNYI V, VOROBIEVA A. High strength, high conductivity CuNb based conductors with nano scaled microstructure[J].Physica C:Superconductivity, 2001, 354(1/2/3/4):410-414.
【24】BOTCHAROVA E,FREUDENBERGER J,SCHULTZ L.Mechanical and electrical properties of mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline Cu-Nb alloys[J].Acta Materialia,2006,54(12):3333-3341.
【25】LEI R S,XU S Q,WANG M P,et al.Microstructure and properties of nanocrystalline copper-niobium alloy with high strength and high conductivity[J].Materials Science & Engineering:A,2013,586:367-373.
【26】BENGHALEM A,MORRIS D G.Microstructure and mechanical properties of concentrated copper-niobium alloys prepared by mechanical alloying[J].Materials Science & Engineering:A,1993,161(2):255-266.
【27】雷若姗,汪明朴,郭明星,等.机械合金化制备Cu-0.5wt%Nb合金组织与性能的研究[J]. 材料热处理学报, 2007, 28(2):39-43. LEI R S, WANG M P, GUO M X, et al. Microstructure and properties of Cu-0.5wt%Nb alloy prepared by mechanical alloying[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2007, 28(2):39-43.
【28】赖远腾,甘雪萍,肖柱,等.石墨表面镀镍对石墨/铜复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2018,23(5):495-502. LAI Y T, GAN X P, XIAO Z, et al. Effects of nickel plating on microstructure and mechanical properties of graphite/copper composites[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2008, 23(5):495-502.
【29】GUIDERDONI C,ESTOURNÈS C,PEIGNEY A,et al.The preparation of double-walled carbon nanotube/Cu composites by spark plasma sintering,and their hardness and friction properties[J].Carbon,2011,49(13):4535-4543.
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