镍基单晶合金涡轮叶片开裂原因
Cause of Cracking on Nickel-based Single Crystal Alloy Turbine Blade
摘 要
某发动机高压涡轮叶片为镍基单晶合金叶片，在室温下进行振动疲劳试验后发现叶片开裂，通过宏观观察、金相检验和扫描电镜分析等方法对叶片开裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明：进气边叶根和榫头伸根的开裂形式均为疲劳开裂；进气边叶根气膜孔内壁存在多处小缺口及榫头伸根亚表面存在疏松缺陷，这些缺陷部位容易形成裂纹源，促进了裂纹的萌生，裂纹扩展后最终导致开裂失效。
气膜孔
疏松
应力集中
疲劳开裂
turbine blade
film hole
loose
stress concentration
fatigue cracking
Abstract
High pressure turbine blade of an engine cracked is made of nickel based single crystal alloy blade, the blade after vibration fatigue test at room temperature. The causes of cracking on blade were analyzed by means of macroscopic observation, metallographic examination and scanning electron microscope analysis. The results show that the fatigue cracking of inlet blade root and blade root stretch section was found. There were many small notches in the inner wall of air film holes of inlet blade root and the loose defects on the sub surface of blade root stretch section. The defects were easy to form crack sources, which promoted the crack initiation, and finally led to cracking failure after crack propagation.
中图分类号 TG115 DOI 10.11973/lhjy-wl202101013
所属栏目 质量控制与失效分析
基金项目
收稿日期 2020/5/6
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
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备注石凤仙(1992-),女,工程师,主要从事金属材料失效分析工作,17301644420@163.com
引用该论文: SHI Fengxian,SUN Zhijun,TENG Yuefei,CAO Wei. Cause of Cracking on Nickel-based Single Crystal Alloy Turbine Blade[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis part A:Physical Testing, 2021, 57(1): 58～60
石凤仙,孙智君,滕跃飞,曹玮. 镍基单晶合金涡轮叶片开裂原因[J]. 理化检验－物理分册, 2021, 57(1): 58～60
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参考文献
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【3】胡壮麒,刘丽荣,金涛,等. 镍基单晶高温合金的发展[J]. 航空发动机,2005,31(3):1-7.
【4】陈荣章,王罗宝,李建华. 铸造高温合金发展的回顾与展望[J]. 航空材料学报,2000,20(1):55-61.
【5】刘昌奎,杨胜,何玉怀,等.单晶高温合金断裂特征[J].失效分析与预防,2010,5(4):225-230.
【6】刘瑞军,桓恒,李伟剑,等. 镍基单晶材料皮秒级超短脉冲激光气膜孔加工表面完整性研究[J]. 航空制造技术,2018,61(15):84-90.
【7】LOPEZ J,TORRES R,ZAOUTER Y,et al. Study on the influence of repetition rate and pulse duration on ablation efficiency using a new generation of high power Ytterbium doped fiber ultrafast laser[J]. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering,2013,8611(3):861118.
【8】BRYGO F,DUTOUQUET C,GUERN F L,et al. Laser fluence,repetition rate and pulse duration effects on paint ablation[J]. Applied Surface Science,2006,252(6):2131-2138.
【9】杨健,孙智君.某航空发动机涡轮叶片的断裂分析[J]. 理化检验(物理分册),2012,48(8):538-542.
【10】谢发勤,吴向清,梁金星.某发动机一级涡轮叶片断裂分析[J]. 理化检验(物理分册),2006,42(4):202-204.
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