Al-4B中间合金对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸和力学性能的影响
Effect of Al-4B Master Alloy on Grain Size and Mechanical Properties of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
摘 要
通过KBF4与熔融铝反应制备了Al-4B中间合金，研究了不同质量分数（0%~2.0%）Al-4B中间合金作为孕育剂对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸和力学性能的影响。结果表明：Al-4B中间合金由AlB2和α-Al相组成；Al-4B中间合金的添加可以明显细化AZ31镁合金的晶粒，提高晶粒尺寸的均匀性，降低孔隙率，Al-4B中间合金质量分数为1.0%时，晶粒细化效果最明显；随着Al-4B中间合金含量增加，AZ31镁合金的硬度、抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率均增大，屈服强度与晶粒尺寸符合Hall-Petch关系，AZ31镁合金力学性能的改善主要与AlB2相产生的细晶强化、弥散强化以及铸造组织孔隙率降低有关。
AZ31镁合金
晶粒尺寸
力学性能
Al-4B master alloy
AZ31 magnesium alloy
grain size
mechanical property
Abstract
Al-4B master alloy was prepared by reaction of KBF4 with molten aluminum. The effects of Al-4B master alloy with different mass fraction (0%-2.0%) as inoculant on grain size and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy were studied. The results show that Al-4B master alloy was composed of AlB2 and α-Al phase. The addition of Al-4B master alloy could obviously refine the grain of AZ31 magnesium alloy, improve the uniformity of grain size and reduce the porosity. The grain refinement effect was the most obvious when the mass fraction of Al-4B master alloy was 1.0%. With increasing Al-4B master alloy content, the hardness, tensile strength, yield strength and percentage elongation after fracture of AZ31 magnesium alloy increased. The yield strength and grain size were in accordance with Hall-Petch relation. The improvement of mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy was mainly related to the fine grain strengthening, dispersion strengthening caused by AlB2 phase and the decrease of porosity of casting microstructure.
中图分类号 TG146.2 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202104004
所属栏目 试验研究
基金项目 湖南省教育厅资助科研项目（18C1360）；湖南省自科基金科教联合基金课题项目（2018JJ5048）
收稿日期 2020/9/24
修改稿日期 2021/3/8
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注赖春明(1989-),男,湖南株洲人,讲师,硕士
引用该论文: LAI Chunming,TAN Hailin,CHEN Jing,LI Zhaozan. Effect of Al-4B Master Alloy on Grain Size and Mechanical Properties of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2021, 45(4): 19～24
赖春明,谭海林,陈静,李昭赞. Al-4B中间合金对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸和力学性能的影响[J]. 机械工程材料, 2021, 45(4): 19～24
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【2】夏邢燕,张娅,孙颖迪,等.AZ31镁合金在Al(NO3)3溶液中的电化学行为和放电性能[J].机械工程材料,2017,41(11):13-18. XIA X Y, ZHANG Y, SUN Y D, et al. Electrochemical behavior and discharge performance of AZ31 magnesium alloy in Al(NO3)3 solution[J]. Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 41(11):13-18.
【3】YU H H, XIN Y C, WANG M Y, et al. Hall-Petch relationship in Mg alloys:A review[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2018, 34:248-256.
【4】张烁,宋江凤,潘复生,等.微量硼添加对镁合金组织和性能影响的研究进展[J].材料导报,2018,32(19):3405-3413. ZHANG S, SONG J F, PAN F S, et al. Research progress of micro amount of boron addition on microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(19):3405-3413.
【5】刘军,张金玲,渠治波,等.稀土Gd对AZ31镁合金耐蚀性能的影响[J].材料工程,2018,46(6):73-79. LIU J, ZHANG J L, QU Z B, et al. Effect of rare earth Gd on corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(6):73-79.
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【8】STJOHN D H,EASTON M A,QIAN M,et al.Grain refinement of magnesium alloys:A review of recent research,theoretical developments,and their application[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2013,44(7):2935-2949.
【9】黄伦,黄光胜,邓钱元,等.微量Ce和Ca对AZ31组织演变及成形性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2019,29(3):429-438. HUANG L, HUANG G S, DENG Q Y, et al. Effects of trace Ce and Ca on microstructure evolution and formability of AZ31 alloys[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2019, 29(3):429-438.
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【12】靳晓坤,郑申白,徐勇,等.轧制工艺对铸轧AZ31镁合金板材组织的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2014,35(9):126-130. JIN X K, ZHENG S B, XU Y, et al. Effects of rolling process on microstructure of twin roll casting AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2014, 35(9):126-130.
【13】王梦寒,咸国材,王彦丽.退火工艺对AZ31镁合金组织及耐磨性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2014(2):123-124. WANG M H, XIAN G C, WANG Y L. Effect of annealing process on microstructure and wear resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2014(2):123-124.
【14】刘光明,杨丽峡,黄庆学,等.轧后热处理工艺对AZ31镁合金铸轧板组织性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2019,40(6):26-32. LIU G M, YANG L X, HUANG Q X, et al. Effect of post-rolling heat treatment on microstructure and properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy cast-rolled sheet[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2019, 40(6):26-32.
【15】AURADI V, KORI S A. Influence of reaction temperature for the manufacturing of Al-3Ti and Al-3B master alloys[J]. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2008, 453(1/2):147-156.
【16】周占霞,赵红亮,关绍康,等.微量B对Mg-3Al-1Zn镁合金组织和性能的影响[J].铸造技术,2006,27(2):163-166. ZHOU Z X, ZHAO H L, GUAN S K, et al. Effect of trace B on microstructure and properties of Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy[J]. Foundry Technology, 2006, 27(2):163-166.
【17】郑飞燕,郑开宏,戚文军,等.微量B对AZ91镁合金显微组织与力学性能的影响[J].轻合金加工技术,2008,36(2):7-11. ZHENG F Y, ZHENG K H, QI W J, et al. Effects of B addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy[J]. Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2008, 36(2):7-11.
【18】LIU Y, DING C, LI Y X. Grain refining mechanism of Al-3B master alloy on hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2011, 21(7):1435-1440.
【19】余永宁,杨平,强文江,等.材料科学基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006. YU Y N, YANG P, QIANG W J, et al. Fundamentals of materials science[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2006.
【20】KAINER K U. Magnesium alloys and their applications[M]. New York:Wiley, 2000.
【21】HALL E O. The deformation and ageing of mild steel:Ⅲ Discussion of results[J]. Proceedings of the Physical Society Section B, 1951, 64:747-753.
【22】PETCH N J. The cleavage strength of polycrystals[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 1953,174:25-28.
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