采用分层装粉后液态热压的方法制备出具有SiC含量梯度的SiC_P/Al复合材料，并对其组织与性能进行了研究。结果表明：SiC颗粒在梯度SiC_P/Al复合材料的各层内分布均匀，梯度SiC_P/Al复合材料各层分界面清晰、平直，界面结合良好。各层混合料在压力作用下同步致密化的过程中伴随着顶层液态铝合金向过渡层渗透，同时过渡层中铝液也向底层发生渗透，导致过渡层的SiC含量有所增加，最终梯度SiC_P/Al复合材料热膨胀系数从顶层的21.0×10^-6 ℃^-1逐步降低至底层的8.0×10^-6 ℃^-1。梯度SiC_P/Al复合材料的抗弯强度随着增强体SiC颗粒体积分数的增加而增大，底层与过渡层之间增幅较小。

SiC_P/Al composites with SiC content gradient were prepared by liquid hot pressing after layered powder loading, and its microstructure and properties were studied. The results show that the SiC particles were evenly distributed in each layer of the gradient SiC_P/Al composites, the interface of each layer of the gradient SiC_P/Al composites was clear and straight, the interface bonding was good. In the process of simultaneous densification of each layer mixture under pressure, the liquid aluminum alloy in the top layer penetrated into the transition layer, and the liquid aluminum in the transition layer also penetrated into the bottom layer, resulted in the increase of SiC content in the transition layer. Finally, the thermal expansion coefficient of the gradient SiC_P/Al composites increases from 21.0×10^-6 ℃^-1 of the top layer to 8.0×10^-6 ℃^-1 of the bottom layer. The flexural strength of the gradient SiC_P/Al composites increase with the increase of the volume fraction of SiC particles, and the increase between the bottom layer and the transition layer was small.