针对复合陶瓷保温结构射线检测时垫板结构对X射线穿透性能的影响，研究了复合陶瓷保温层厚度、附加垫板结构及X射线透照工艺中关键参数（管电压、曝光时间等）对检测图像质量的影响。结果表明：复合陶瓷保温层厚度的增加及附加垫板结构会降低对比灵敏度与图像分辨率，降低图像质量；检测固定厚度的复合陶瓷及压力容器焊缝时，随着管电压的升高，图像对比灵敏度下降，当管电压为190 kV时，图像分辨率达到最佳值；曝光时间的延长可以提高对比灵敏度和信噪比，并改善图像质量。

This paper focuses on the influence of the lining structure on the ray penetration performance in the radiographic testing of composite ceramic thermal insulation structure. The influences of the composite ceramic insulation thickness, the structure of additional plate and the key parameters (tube voltage, exposure time, etc.) of the radiographic testing on the image quality were studied. The results show that the increase of the composite ceramics insulation thickness and the additional plate structure will reduce the contrast sensitivity and image resolution, and hence reduce the image quality; when inspecting welds of composite ceramics and pressure vessels with a fixed thickness, as the tube voltage increases, the image contrast sensitivity decreases. When the tube voltage is 190 kV, the image resolution reaches the optimal value; the increase of the exposure time can improve the contrast sensitivity and the normalized signal-to-noise ratio, so the increase of the exposure time can therefore improve the image quality.