微合金化低银无镉Ag-Cu-Zn钎料的性能
Properties of Microalloying Low-Silver and Cadmium-Free Ag-Cu-Zn Brazing Filler Metal
摘 要
采用锡、磷、镍、铟元素对含质量分数21%银的Ag-Cu-Zn钎料进行微合金化，研究了钎料的熔化性能、铺展性能、加工性能，以及钎焊紫铜和45钢接头的抗拉强度、显微组织。结果表明：Ag-Cu-Zn钎料微合金化的最优成分（质量分数/%）为21Ag-Cu-Zn-1.5Sn-0.2P-1.0Ni-2.5In，与前期优化得到的21Ag-Cu-Zn-1.5Sn四元合金钎料相比，其固、液相线温度分别降低了106 ℃和31 ℃，在紫铜上的单位质量铺展面积增大了约66%，可通过常规热挤压和拉拔工艺制成直径为0.8 mm的焊丝；该钎料用于紫铜和45钢2种母材的钎焊时皆可形成致密无缺陷的钎缝，界面处具有冶金结合层，且用于45钢钎焊时接头的抗拉强度比用21Ag-Cu-Zn-1.5Sn钎料提高了约11%。
微合金化
熔化温度
铺展性能
加工性能
Ag-Cu-Zn brazing filler metal
micro-alloying
melting temperature
spreading performance
processing property
Abstract
The Ag-Cu-Zn brazing filler metal containing 21wt% Ag was microalloyed with Sn, P, Ni and In, and the melting performance, spreading performance and processing property for brazing filler metal, and the tensile strength and microstructure of the brazed red copper and 45 steel joint were studied.The results show that the optimum composition (mass fraction/%)of microalloyed Ag-Cu-Zn brazing filler metal was 21Ag-Cu-Zn-1.5Sn-0.2P-1.0Ni-2.5In.Compared with 21Ag-Cu-Zn-1.5Sn quaternary alloy brazing filler metal obtained by prior optimization, the solidus and liquidus temperatures decreased by 106 ℃ and 31 ℃, respectively, the spreading area per mass on red copper base metal increased by nearly 66%, and welding wire with diameter of 0.8 mm could be made by conventional hot extrusion and drawing.When the brazing filter metal was used for brazing red copper or 45 steel, a dense and defect-free brazing joint formed with a metallurgical bonding layer at the interface; compared with 21Ag-Cu-Zn-1.5Sn brazing filler metal, the tensile strength of the joint for brazing 45 steel increased by about 11%.
中图分类号 TG425 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202112009
所属栏目 材料性能及应用
基金项目 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFF0204701）；浙江省科技计划项目（2018C1123）
收稿日期 2020/9/16
修改稿日期 2021/9/18
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注王晓飞(1995-)，男，安徽亳州人，硕士研究生
引用该论文: WANG Xiaofei,JIN Chengkai,FANG Yunqi,LI Jing,PENG Yutao,WANG Xiaorong,SHEN Hangyan,LIU Wei. Properties of Microalloying Low-Silver and Cadmium-Free Ag-Cu-Zn Brazing Filler Metal[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2021, 45(12): 49～54
王晓飞,金程凯,方运琪,李静,彭宇涛,王晓蓉,沈杭燕,刘薇. 微合金化低银无镉Ag-Cu-Zn钎料的性能[J]. 机械工程材料, 2021, 45(12): 49～54
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参考文献
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【2】WATANABE T, YANAGISAWA A, SASAKI T.Development of Ag based brazing filler metal with low melting point[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2011, 16(6):502-508.
【3】LI M G, SUN D Q, QIU X M, et al.Effect of tin on melting temperature and microstructure of Ag-Cu-Zn-Sn filler metals[J].Materials Science and Technology, 2005, 21(11):1318-1322.
【4】矫宁.新型低银无镉中温钎料组织性能的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2007. JIAO N.Investigation on microstructure and properties of low silver-containing cadmium-free intermediate temperature brazing filler metals[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2007.
【5】石磊, 崔良, 周飞, 等.Sn对电真空Ag-Cu钎料组织和性能的影响[J].材料工程, 2016, 44(10):54-59. SHI L, CUI L, ZHOU F, et al.Influence of Sn on microstructure and performance of electric vacuum Ag-Cu filler metal[J].Journal of Materials Engineering, 2016, 44(10):54-59.
【6】张启运, 庄鸿寿.钎焊手册[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社, 2008. ZHANG Q Y, ZHUANG H S.Brazing and soldering manual[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press, 2008.
【7】薛松柏, 钱乙余, 胡晓萍.元素锡、铟在银基钎料中的作用及其机理[J].焊接, 1998(11):28-31. XUE S B, QIAN Y Y, HU X P.Effect of tin and indium in silver filler metal and its mechanism[J].Welding & Joining, 1998(11):28-31.
【8】RIZVI M J, BAILEY C, CHAN Y C, et al.Effect of adding 0.3wt% Ni into the Sn-0.7wt% Cu solder[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2007, 438(1/2):122-128.
【9】赖忠民.Ga/In与稀土Ce对Ag30CuZnSn钎料显微组织及钎焊接头性能影响的研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学, 2011. LAI Z M.Effects of Ga/In and rare earth Ce on microstructures and properties of brazed joint of Ag30CuZnSn filler metal[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011.
【10】贠东海.锡和镓对银基钎料组织及性能的影响[D].郑州:郑州大学.2014. YUANYUN D H.Influence of tin and gallium on microstructure and properties of Ag-Cu-Zn brazing filler metal[D].Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou University, 2014.
【11】NTASI A, AL JABBARI Y S, SILIKAS N, et al.Multitechnique characterization of conventional and experimental Ag-based brazing alloys for orthodontic applications[J].Dental Materials, 2018, 34(3):e25-e35.
【12】卢方焱, 薛松柏, 张亮, 等.微量In对AgCuZn钎料组织和性能的影响[J].焊接学报, 2008, 29(12):85-88, 117. LU F Y, XUE S B, ZHANG L, et al.Effects of trace indium on properties and microstructure of Ag-Cu-Zn filler metal[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2008, 29(12):85-88, 117.
【13】李卓然, 刘彬, 冯吉才.镍对Ag20CuZnSnP钎料铺展润湿性和接头抗剪强度的影响[J].焊接学报, 2008, 29(9):19-22, 114. LI Z R, LIU B, FENG J C.Effect of Ni on wettability and shear strength of joints of Ag20CuZnSnP filler metal[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2008, 29(9):19-22, 114.
【14】杜全斌, 龙伟民, 沈元勋, 等.Ni对AgCuZn钎焊201不锈钢接头组织及性能的影响[J].电焊机, 2017, 47(2):119-123. DU Q B, LONG W M, SHEN Y X, et al.Effect of Ni element on microstructure and properties of 201 stainless steel joint brazed by AgCuZn filler metals[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2017, 47(2):119-123.
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