钢中存在非金属夹杂物是不可避免的，如何正确判断和鉴定非金属夹杂物的性质十分重要。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪等设备根据非金属夹杂物的光学和形态特征鉴定钢中非金属夹杂物的种类，并参照有关标准评定夹杂物的级别，结合夹杂物成分能谱定性、定量分析结果，准确确定夹杂物的组成及来源，为炼钢连铸改进生产工艺、减少有害夹杂物的数量、提高钢的纯净度、生产出高品质的钢材提供科学依据。

The existence of non-metallic inclusions in steel is inevitable. How to correctly judge and identify the properties of non-metallic inclusions is very important. The types of non-metallic inclusions in steel were identified by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer according to the optical and morphological characteristics of non-metallic inclusions. The grade of inclusions shall be evaluated according to relevant standards, and the composition and source of inclusions were accurately confirm in combination with the qualitative and quantitative analysis results of inclusions composition energy spectrum. It provided a scientific basis for improving the production process of steelmaking and continuous casting, reducing the number of harmful inclusions, improving the purity of steel and producing high-quality steel.