微量锆元素对激光选区熔化成形AlSi10Mg合金组织及性能的影响
Effect of Trace Zr on Microstructure and Properties of AlSi10Mg Alloy Formed by Selective Laser Melting
摘 要
采用激光选区熔化技术制备添加不同质量分数（0~0.5%）锆元素的AlSi10Mg合金，并进行了固溶时效处理，研究了锆元素对合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明：热处理前合金均主要由α-Al相和共晶硅相组成，添加锆后合金中生成ZrAlSi相，随着锆添加量的增加，α-Al相和共晶硅相先细化后粗化，在锆质量分数为0.3%时细化效果最佳，ZrAlSi相尺寸则持续变大；热处理后，组织进一步细化，锆质量分数大于0.3%时出现块状ZrAlSi相；合金的硬度和抗压强度随锆添加量增加而先增大后减小，在锆质量分数为0.3%时达到峰值，热处理进一步提高了合金的力学性能。
AlSi10Mg合金
固溶时效处理
selective laser melting
AlSi10Mg alloy
solution and aging treatment
Abstract
AlSi10Mg alloys with different mass fractions (0-0.5%) of Zr were formed by selective laser melting, and treated by solution and aging. The effect of Zr on microstructure and properties of the alloy was studied. The results show that the alloys before heat treatment were mainly composed of α-Al phase and eutectic silicon phase. ZrAlSi phase was formed in the alloy after adding Zr. With increasing Zr addition, the α-Al phase and the eutectic silicon phase were refined first and then coarsened, and the refinement effect was the best when the mass fraction of Zr was 0.3%, while the size of ZrAlSi phase continued to increase. After heat treatment, the structure was further refined, and a massive ZrAlSi phase appeared when the mass fraction of Zr was greater than 0.3%. The hardness and compressive strength of the alloy increased first and then decreased with increasing Zr addition, and reached the peak when the mass fraction of Zr was 0.3%. Heat treatment further improved the mechanical properties of the alloy.
中图分类号 TG146 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202201004
所属栏目 试验研究
基金项目 广西科技重大专项项目（桂科AA18118030，桂科AA17204100）；广西自然科学基金资助项目（2016GXNSFDA380022）；广西高等学校高水平创新团队项目（第二批）、广西有色金属及特色材料加工重点实验室开发基金资助项目（GXYSOF1813，GXYSSF1804）
收稿日期 2020/12/29
修改稿日期 2021/8/19
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注鞠成伟(1976-),男,山东临沂人,高级工程师,硕士
引用该论文: JU Chengwei,HU Zhenguang,ZHANG Xiuhai,WEI Jingquan,ZHANG Yujie,LI Weizhou. Effect of Trace Zr on Microstructure and Properties of AlSi10Mg Alloy Formed by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2022, 46(1): 19～25
鞠成伟,胡振光,张修海,韦景泉,张宇杰,李伟洲. 微量锆元素对激光选区熔化成形AlSi10Mg合金组织及性能的影响[J]. 机械工程材料, 2022, 46(1): 19～25
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【2】LI B,WANG H W,JIE J C,et al.Effects of yttrium and heat treatment on the microstructure and tensile properties of Al-7.5Si-0.5Mg alloy[J].Materials & Design,2011,32(3):1617-1622.
【3】唐鹏钧,何晓磊,杨斌,等.激光选区熔化用AlSi10Mg粉末显微组织与性能[J].航空材料学报,2018,38(1):47-53. TANG P J,HE X L,YANG B,et al.Microstructure and properties of AlSi10Mg powder for selective laser melting[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2018,38(1):47-53.
【4】张学军,唐思熠,肇恒跃,等.3D打印技术研究现状和关键技术[J].材料工程,2016,44(2):122-128. ZHANG X J,TANG S Y,ZHAO H Y,et al.Research status and key technologies of 3D printing[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2016,44(2):122-128.
【5】ABOULKHAIR N T,EVERITT N M,ASHCROFT I,et al.Reducing porosity in AlSi10Mg parts processed by selective laser melting[J].Additive Manufacturing,2014,1/2/3/4:77-86.
【6】MURR L E,MARTINEZ E,AMATO K N,et al.Fabrication of metal and alloy components by additive manufacturing:Examples of 3D materials science[J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2012,1(1):42-54.
【7】RAO H,GIET S,YANG K,et al.The influence of processing parameters on aluminium alloy A357 manufactured by selective laser melting[J].Materials & Design,2016,109:334-346.
【8】CHEN S,TAO F H,JIA C Z,et al.Status and progress of selective laser melting forming technology[C]//Proceedings of the 20153rd International Conference on Machinery,Materials and Information Technology Applications,Advances in Computer Science Research. Paris,France:Atlantis Press,2015:1295-1298.
【9】顾冬冬.激光烧结铜基合金的关键工艺及基础研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2007. GU D D.Direct laser sintering of Cu-based metal powder:Key processes and basic mechanisms[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2007.
【10】吴伟辉. 选区激光熔化快速成型系统设计及工艺研究[D]. 广州:华南理工大学,2007. WU W H. Research on system design and process of selective laser melting[D]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology, 2007.
【11】梁小文.ZL205A铝合金粉末的选区激光熔化成形工艺及其组织性能研究[D].南昌:南昌航空大学,2017. LIANG X W.Study on the process and mechanical properties of ZL205A aluminum alloy parts prepared by selective laser melting technique[D].Nanchang:Nanchang Hangkong University,2017.
【12】SPIERINGS A B,DAWSON K,KERN K,et al.SLM-processed Sc- and Zr- modified Al-Mg alloy:Mechanical properties and microstructural effects of heat treatment[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2017,701:264-273.
【13】谢优华,杨守杰,戴圣龙,等.锆元素在铝合金中的应用[J].航空材料学报,2002,22(4):56-61. XIE Y H,YANG S J,DAI S L,et al.Application of element Zr in aluminum alloys[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2002,22(4):56-61.
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【15】李凯,余江平,李大永,等.钪锆元素对3102铝合金圆管微观组织稳定性的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2020,30(5):974-984. LI K,YU J P,LI D Y,et al.Effect of Sc and Zr on microstructure stability of 3102 aluminum tube[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2020,30(5):974-984.
【16】LI R D,WANG M B,YUAN T C,et al.Selective laser melting of a novel Sc and Zr modified Al-6.2 Mg alloy:Processing,microstructure,and properties[J].Powder Technology,2017,319:117-128.
【17】夏峰,梁民宪,郭永春,等.微量锆对铸态A356铝合金组织和性能的影响[J].铸造,2017,66(11):1155-1158. XIA F,LIANG M X,GUO Y C,et al.Effect of trace Zr on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast A356 aluminum alloys[J].Foundry,2017,66(11):1155-1158.
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【19】EASTON M,STJOHN D.Grain refinement of aluminum alloys:Part I.the nucleant and solute paradigms-A review of the literature[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1999,30(6):1613-1623.
【20】GAO T,ZHU X Z,SUN Q Q,et al.Morphological evolution of ZrAlSi phase and its impact on the elevated-temperature properties of Al-Si piston alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2013,567:82-88.
【21】GAO T,LI D K,WEI Z S,et al.Evolution,microhardness of ZrAlSi intermetallic and its impact on the elevated-temperature properties in Al-Si alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2012,552:523-529.
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