X80钢输气管道带缺陷环焊缝的力学性能及两类裂纹形成原因
Mechanical Properties of Girth Welds with Defects and Causes of Two Types of Cracks in X80 Steel Gas Transmission Pipeline
摘 要
对10处存在缺陷的X80钢输气管道环焊缝进行了力学性能检测和两类裂纹成因分析。结果表明：10处环焊缝抗拉强度不合格率为10%，焊缝中心冲击功不合格率为21.7%，热影响区冲击功全部合格；环焊缝、母材和热影响区的维氏硬度全部合格，但热影响区存在软化。环焊缝中的缺陷以未熔合和裂纹为主，二者占比为75%。裂纹主要为冷裂纹和结晶裂纹，冷裂纹起源于焊根附近未熔合缺陷处，在拘束应力作用下发生扩展导致开裂；结晶裂纹产生原因为硫元素在打底焊焊缝中心晶界上偏析并形成低熔点共晶相，在凝固收缩拉应力作用下晶界发生开裂。
力学性能
冷裂纹
结晶裂纹
girth weld
mechanical property
cold crack
solidification crack
Abstract
Mechanical properties of ten girth welds with defects in X80 steel gas transmission pipelines were measured and causes of two types of cracks were analyzed. The results show that the unqualified rate of tensile strength of 10 girth welds was 10%. The unqualified rate of impact energy of the weld center was 21.7%, while the impact energy of the heat-affected zone was all qualified. The Vickers hardness of the girth weld, base metal and heat-affected zone all met the requirements, but softening occurred in the heat-affected zones. The main defects in the girth welds were incomplete fusion and cracks; the ratio of the two was 75%. The cracks included cold cracks and solidification cracks. The cold crack originated from the incomplete fusion at the weld root, and propagated under restraint stresses, leading to cracking. The reason for the solidification crack was that sulfur segregated on grain boundaries in center of the backing weld and formed low melting point eutectic phases, and then the grain boundaries cracked under tensile stresses caused by solidification shrinkage.
中图分类号 TG457.6 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202201010
所属栏目 试验研究
基金项目
收稿日期 2020/7/30
修改稿日期 2021/9/7
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注李亮(1982-),男,四川都江堰人,高级工程师,硕士
引用该论文: LI Liang,HUANG Lei,XU Yan,NIE Xianghui,LIU Yinglai,FENG Zhenjun,WANG Yaoguang. Mechanical Properties of Girth Welds with Defects and Causes of Two Types of Cracks in X80 Steel Gas Transmission Pipeline[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2022, 46(1): 61～67
李亮,黄磊,许彦,聂向晖,刘迎来,丰振军,王耀光. X80钢输气管道带缺陷环焊缝的力学性能及两类裂纹形成原因[J]. 机械工程材料, 2022, 46(1): 61～67
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【5】罗金恒,杨锋平,王珂,等.油气管道失效频率及失效案例分析[J].金属热处理,2015,40(增刊1):470-474. LUO J H, YANG F P, WANG K, et al. Study of failure frequency and failure cases in oil & gas pipeline[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2015, 40(S1):470-474.
【6】王婷,杨辉,冯庆善,等.油气管道环焊缝缺陷内检测技术现状与展望[J].油气储运,2015,34(7):694-698. WANG T,YANG H,FENG Q S,et al.Current status and prospect of inline inspection technologies for defects in girth weld of oil and gas pipeline[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(7):694-698.
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