采用热处理试验、拉伸试验、冲击试验、金相检验和断口分析等方法,分析了热处理工艺对16Mn钢锻件的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在相同正火温度下,随着正火冷却速率的提高,16Mn钢锻件的抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度均呈上升趋势,断后伸长率呈下降趋势,断面收缩率变化不明显,-20℃冲击吸收功均高于标准值(不小于41 J);在920℃正火条件下,16Mn钢锻件的综合力学性能最优;在相同正火温度下,采取水冷方式进行冷却后,16Mn钢锻件的综合力学性能优于其他两种冷却方式(喷淋、空冷)获得的锻件综合力学性能;在920℃正火+水冷条件下,16Mn钢锻件的综合力学性能最优,其组织为贝氏体+少量铁素体。

The effects of heat treatment process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 16Mn steel forging were analyzed by means of heat treatment test,tensile test,impact test metallographic examination,fracture analysis and so on.The results showed that at the same normalizing temperature,with the increase of normalizing cooling rate,the tensile strength,yield strength and hardness of 16Mn steel forging all showed an upward trend,while the elongation after fracture showed a downward trend,and the change of section shrinkage was not obvious.The impact absorption energy at-20℃ was higher than the standard value (not less than 41 J).Under the normalizing condition of 920℃,and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the obtained 16Mn steel forgings were the best.At the same normalizing temperature,after cooling by water cooling,the comprehensive mechanical properties of 16Mn steel forging were better than those obtained by the other two cooling methods (spraying and air cooling).Under the condition of normalizing at 920℃+water cooling,the comprehensive mechanical properties of 16Mn steel forgings were the best,and the microstructure was bainite+a small amount of ferrite.