Effect of Temperature on High-Cycle Fatigue Properties of 2CrMo Alloy Steel for Turbine Rotor
摘 要
在室温和高温(450,500,566℃)下对某进口汽轮机转子用2CrMo合金钢进行了拉伸试验和轴向力控制的高周疲劳试验,基于试验数据得到该钢的高周疲劳应力-寿命曲线,并通过广义中值曲面模型得到了中值寿命曲面,研究了温度对高周疲劳性能的影响。结果表明:试验钢的屈服强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量随温度的升高而下降;相同应力水平下,高周疲劳寿命随温度的升高而下降,高应力比(0.5,0.8)下,高周疲劳寿命受应力水平影响较大。低应力比(-1,-0.3)下高周疲劳断口为典型的轴向承载高周疲劳断口,在高温时疲劳源呈多源特点,室温时为单一裂纹源;高应力比(0.5,0.8)下高周疲劳断口呈现拉伸断口特征,室温下断口存在明显的放射区、纤维区和剪切唇区,高温下只有纤维区和剪切唇区。
Abstract
The tensile test and axial stress controlled high-cycle fatigue test were carried out on an imported 2CrMo alloy steel for turbine rotor at room temperature and high temperature (450, 500, 566℃). The high-cycle fatigue stress-life curves of the steel were obtained based on test data, and curved surface of median life was obtained by generalized curved surface of median model. The effect of temperature on the high-cycle fatigue properties was studied. The results show that yield strength, tensile strength and elastic modulus decreased with increasing temperature. High-cycle fatigue life decreased with increasing temperature at the same stress level. The influence of stress level on fatigue life was great at high stress ratio (0.5,0.8). The high-cycle fatigue fracture under low stress ratio (-1,-0.3) was a typical high-cycle fatigue fracture under axial load; the fatigue source was multi-source at high temperature and a single crack source at room temperature. At high stress ratio (0.5,0.8), high-cycle fatigue fracture presented tensile fracture characteristics; fracture had obvious radial zone, fiber zone and shear lip zone at room temperature, and had only fiber zone and shear lip zone at high temperature.
中图分类号 TG115.5 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202204006
所属栏目 试验研究
基金项目
收稿日期 2020/12/30
修改稿日期 2022/3/4
网络出版日期
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备注高倩倩(1986-),女,河北廊坊人,高级工程师,硕士通信作者:左强
引用该论文: GAO Qianqian,HU Benrun,ZUO Qiang. Effect of Temperature on High-Cycle Fatigue Properties of 2CrMo Alloy Steel for Turbine Rotor[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2022, 46(4): 37~41
高倩倩,胡本润,左强. 温度对汽轮机转子用2CrMo合金钢高周疲劳性能的影响[J]. 机械工程材料, 2022, 46(4): 37~41
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参考文献
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【2】陈东升, 王金峰, 王天阳, 等.汽轮机转子寿命损耗在线监测系统[J].化工自动化及仪表, 2016, 43(5):486-490. CHEN D S, WANG J F, WANG T Y, et al.Online monitoring system for life loss of steam turbine rotors[J].Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry, 2016, 43(5):486-490.
【3】严益民, 胡正飞, 林富生, 等.汽轮机转子30Cr1Mo1V钢长期服役状态下的高温疲劳行为[J].材料工程, 2012, 40(11):38-41. YAN Y M, HU Z F, LIN F S, et al.Fatigue behavior of 30Cr1Mo1V rotor steel at elevated temperature after long-term service[J].Journal of Materials Engineering, 2012, 40(11):38-41.
【4】徐兴, 陆泾君, 陈大空.大型汽轮机转子的安全性长寿命与设备监理[J].设备监理, 2017(6):33-36. XU X, LU J J, CHEN D K.Safety evaluation of large turbine rotor and analysis of fatigue life and their application in equipment supervision[J].Plant Engineering Consultants, 2017(6):33-36.
【5】崔璐, 石红梅, 李臻, 等.先进汽轮机转子材料蠕变疲劳损伤研究新进展[J].机械强度, 2018, 40(2):449-454. CUI L, SHI H M, LI Z, et al.New progression research on damage for creep fatigue of modern turbine rotor[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength, 2018, 40(2):449-454.
【6】潘东煦.汽轮机低压转子材料力学性能及其相变塑性的研究[D].上海:上海交通大学, 2011. PAN D X.Studies of mechanical property and transformation plasticity of low-pressure rotor steel[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2011.
【7】张远. 超高临界高中压转子钢疲劳裂纹扩展行为及寿命评估[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2010. ZHANG Y. Fatigue crack grow behavior and life evaluation of rotor steel for ultra critical high and mid pressure[D]. Haerbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2010.
【8】毛雪平.超临界汽轮机转子材料特性的实验研究[D].北京:华北电力大学(北京), 2003. MAO X P.Experimental study on the material characteristics of the supercritical turbine rotor[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University, 2003.
【9】陈江龙.基于有限元的汽轮机转子低周疲劳寿命预测与在线系统可靠性研究[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2020. CHEN J L.Study on low cycle fatigue life prediction and reliability of online system based on finite element[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University, 2020.
【10】何建军, 陈荐, 孙清民, 等.不同加载速率下汽轮机转子钢的高温低周疲劳断裂特征[J].热加工工艺, 2011, 40(4):20-22. HE J J, CHEN J, SUN Q M, et al.Fracture characteristics of high temperature and low cycle fatigue of turbine rotor steel at different loading rates[J].Hot Working Technology, 2011, 40(4):20-22.
【11】荆建平, 夏松波, 孙毅, 等.汽轮机转子结构强度理论研究现状与展望[J].中国机械工程, 2001, 12(增刊1):216-219. JING J P, XIA S B, SUN Y, et al.Survey and outlook of intensity theory of turbine rotor[J].China Mechanical Engineering, 2001, 12(S1):216-219.
【12】高红梅, 文超, 孙轶山.显微组织和温度对42CrMo4钢力学性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报, 2018, 39(3):87-92. GAO H M, WEN C, SUN Y S.Effects of microstructure and temperature on mechanical properties of 42CrMo4 steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2018, 39(3):87-92.
【13】李小鹏, 雷晓欣, 朱亮. 改进的中值广义S-N曲面的建立与应用[C]//第二届中国航空科学技术大会论文集.北京:国防工业出版社, 2015. LI X P, LEI X X, ZHU L. Establishment and application of the improved median generalized S-N surfaces[C]//Proceedings of the Second China Aviation Science and Technology Conference. Beijing:National Defense Industry Press, 2015.
【14】郭伟彬, 何玉怀, 于慧臣, 等. 夹杂物对粉末高温合金高周高周疲劳寿命的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2007, 21(增刊):361-365. GUO W B, HE Y H, YU H C, et al. Effect of inclusions on high cycle fatigue life of powder superalloy[J]. Journal of Materials Research, 2007, 21(s):361-365
【15】于慧臣, 张仕朝, 李影.不同温度下16Cr3NiWMoVNbE结构钢的低周疲劳行为[J].机械工程材料, 2014, 38(2):44-47. YU H C, ZHANG S C, LI Y.Low cycle fatigue behaviors of structural steel 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE at different temperatures[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 38(2):44-47.
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