利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立聚氨酯涂层微米压痕试验过程的二维平面模型,获得聚氨酯涂层材料荷载-位移曲线;同样采用该软件建立球体冲击钢结构聚氨酯涂层的三维模型,研究冲击荷载作用下聚氨酯涂层厚度对能量转化系数、接触冲击力时间历程及靶材残余应力的影响规律。结果表明:随着涂层厚度增大,能量转化系数先增加后减小,涂层厚度0.2 mm时,能量转化系数达到最大,为0.943;涂层对冲击有明显的减缓作用,且减缓作用随着涂层厚度增加而增大;无涂层钢板和涂层厚度0.2 mm钢板的残余应力较大,涂层厚度超过0.4 mm后,残余应力相对较小;涂层最佳厚度为0.8 mm,其屈服强度为1.86 MPa。

Finite element analysis software ABAQUS was used to establish a two-dimensional plane simulation model of polyurethane coating micro-indentation test process in order to obtain the load-displacement curve of polyurethane coating material. A three-dimensional model of sphere impacting polyurethane coating of steel structure was also established by the sortfware to study the effects of polyurethane coating thickness on the energy conversion coefficient, time history of contact impact force and residual stress in the target material under impact loads. The results show that as the coating thickness increased, the energy conversion coefficient first increased and then decreased. When the coating thickness was 0.2 mm, the energy conversion coefficient reached a maximum of 0.943. The coating had a more obvious impact mitigation effect which increased with the increase of coating thickness. The residual stress of uncoated steel plates and steel plates with a coating in thickness of 0.2 mm was relatively large, when the coating thickness was greater than 0.4 mm, the stress was relatively small. The optimal thickness of the coating was 0.8 mm, which had a yield strength of 1.86 MPa.