提出了超声辅助提取-反相高效液相色谱法测定虾中三磷酸腺苷（ATP）、二磷酸腺苷（ADP）、腺苷酸（AMP）、肌苷酸（IMP）、肌苷（HxR）和次黄嘌呤（Hx）含量的方法，并研究了贮藏条件对K值的影响。称取2.0 g粉碎后的虾肉，加入10%（体积分数）高氯酸溶液20 mL，在冰水浴中均质1 min，超声提取5 min，于4℃离心2 min。用5%（体积分数）高氯酸溶液20 mL重复上述操作，合并两次上清液，用水定容至50 mL。分取5 mL，用5.0 mol·L^-1和2.5 mol·L^-1氢氧化钠溶液调节溶液酸度至pH 6.0~6.4后，再用0.048 mol·L^-1磷酸二氢钾溶液（pH 5.7）定容至10 mL。以Ultimate^® XB-C₄反相色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm）为固定相，以不同体积比的0.048 mol·L^-1磷酸二氢钾溶液（pH 5.7）-甲醇混合溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，外标法定量。结果显示：ATP、ADP、IMP标准曲线的线性范围为1.250×10^-1~1.000×10²mg·L^-1，AMP、HxR、Hx标准曲线的线性范围为6.250×10^-2~5.000×10 mg·L^-1，检出限为0.65~2.2 mg·kg^-1；混合标准溶液和供试品溶液中6种目标物测定值的相对标准偏差（n=6）为0.28%~8.7%；对实际样品进行加标回收试验，回收率为75.3%~114%。方法用于测定不同贮藏温度和贮藏时间下虾样品中ATP、ADP、AMP、IMP、HxR、Hx的含量，结果表明随着贮藏时间的延长，K值逐渐增大；并且贮藏时间一定时，贮藏温度越低，K值增大速率越慢，说明低温有利于虾的保鲜。

A method for the determination of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), inosinic acid (IMP), inosine (HxR) and hypoxanthine (Hx) in prawn by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with ultrasonic-assisted extraction was proposed, and the effect of storage condition on K value was studied. Crushed prawn (2.0 g) was added into 20 mL of 10% (φ) perchloric acid solution, homogenized in ice water bath for 1 min, extracted with ultrasound for 5 min, and centrifuged at 4℃ for 2 min. The above procedure was repeated with 20 mL of 5% (φ) perchloric acid solution, and the combined supernatant was made its volume up to 50 mL with water. An aliquot (5 mL) was adjusted its acidity to pH 6.0-6.4 with 5.0 mol·L^-1 and 2.5 mol·L^-1 sodium hydroxide solution, and then its volume was made up to 10 mL with 0.048 mol·L^-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH 5.7). Ultimate^® XB-C₄ reversed-phase column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used as stationary phase, and a mixture of 0.048 mol·L^-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH 5.7) and methanol at different volume ratios was used as mobile phase for gradient elution, and quantitative analysis was performed by external standard method. It was shown that the linear ranges of the standard curves were 1.250×10^-1-1.000×10²mg·L^-1 for ATP, ADP and IMP, and 6.250×10^-2-5.000×10 mg·L^-1 for AMP, HxR and Hx, with detection limits in the range of 0.65-2.2 mg·kg^-1. RSDs (n=6) of the determined values of 6 target compounds in the mixed standard solution and test solution were ranged from 0.28% to 8.7%. Test for recovery was made on the actual sample by standard addition method, giving results in the range of 75.3%-114%. This method was applied to determine ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP, HxR and Hx in the prawn sample at different storage temperatures and time. The results showed that K value was increased with storage time extension. When the storage time was constant, the storage temperature was lower while the increase rate of K value was solwer, indicating that low temperature was conducive to the preservation of prawn.