对比分析了锻态和调质态车轮钢的显微组织，研究了电渣重熔、合金元素Mn和Si对调质态车轮钢组织、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：电渣重熔有助于锻态车轮钢中贝氏体组织的细化，但晶粒度会从非电渣重熔时的6级增大至电渣重熔时的3级，调质态A钢（电渣重熔）和B钢（非电渣重熔）的组织都为回火索氏体，晶粒度分别为6级和7级；调质态B钢的强度和布氏硬度高于调质态A钢，-40℃冲击吸收能和断后伸长率略低于调质态A钢；Mn质量分数从0.63%增加至1.06%或者Si质量分数从0.31%增加至0.69%，调质态车轮钢的强度和布氏硬度会增大、断后伸长率和-40℃冲击吸收能会有所减小，耐腐蚀性能增强。

The microstructure of forged and quenched-tempered wheel steels was compared and analyzed. The effects of electroslag remelting, alloying elements Mn and Si on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the quenched-tempered wheel steels were studied. The results showed that electroslag remelting (ESR) was helpful to refine bainite structure in the forged wheel steel, but the grain size increased from grade 6 in ESR to grade 3 in non ESR. The microstructure of quenched-tempered steel A (ESR) and steel B (non ESR) was tempered sorbite. The grain sizes of the quenched-tempered steel A and steel B were grade 6 and grade 7 respectively. Compared with the quenched-tempered steel A, the quenched-tempered steel B had higher strength and Brinell hardness, and slightly lower impact absorbed energy at -40℃ and elongation. When the mass fraction of Mn increased from 0.63% to 1.06% or the mass fraction of Si increased from 0.31% to 0.69%, the strength, Brinell hardness and corrosion resistance of the quenched-tempered wheel steels increased, but the elongation and impact absorbed energy at -40℃ decreased.