为提高钢轨探伤的检测效率,研发了基于快速相控阵技术的重载铁路钢轨探伤车,实现了80 km ·h^-1速度下重载铁路的钢轨探伤。该探伤车在60 kg ·m^-1轨(简称60轨)及75 kg ·m^-1轨(简称75轨)标定线路条件下以最高80 km ·h^-1的速度检测轨头、轨腰及轨底共276处人工伤损,伤损平均检出率分别为90.7%和91.2%,同时缺陷的A扫信号幅度均超过100%,信噪比均大于24 dB,符合相关标准的检出要求。使用该探伤车在正线上以高于60 km ·h^-1的速度进行探伤,累积里程已超2 500 km,发现轨头核伤1例,与GTC-8C型数字式钢轨探伤仪复核结果吻合;另跟踪了30处区间线路探伤信号的典型特征,其B扫图谱重复性好,与GTC-8C型数字式钢轨探伤仪一致性较好,初步验证了该探伤车在不同速度及不同线路条件下的检出效果。

In order to improve the detection efficiency of rail flaw detection, the rail flaw detection vehicle for heavy haul railway based on fast phased array technology was developed, and the rail flaw detection of heavy haul railway at 80 km ·h^-1 speed was realized. The system can detect 276 artificial damages at the rail head, rail waist and rail bottom at the speed of up to 80 km ·h^-1 under the conditions of 60 kg ·m^-1 rail (referred to as 60 rail for short) and 75 kg ·m^-1 rail (referred to as 75 rail for short) calibration line. The average detection rate of the damage was 90. 7% and 91. 2% respectively. At the same time, the A-scan signal amplitude of the defect was more than 100%, and the signal-to-noise ratio was more than 24 dB, which meets the detection requirements of relevant standards. Through flaw detection at a speed higher than 60 km ·h^-1 on the main line, the accumulated mileage of flaw detection has exceeded 2 500 km, and one case of railhead transverse crack was found, which is consistent with the result rechecked by GTC-8C digital rail flaw detector. In addition, the typical characteristics of 30 section lines were tracked, and the B-scan pattern has good repeatability and high consistency with GTC-8C digital rail flaw detector, which preliminarily verifies the detection effect of the phased array flaw detector at different speeds and different line conditions.