通过测试川藏不同地区土壤浸出液的理化参数如腐蚀性元素含量、pH、电导率等,评估了这些地区土壤环境的腐蚀性。同时考察了Q355B钢试样在土壤浸出液、超纯水及3.5% NaCl溶液中的电化学行为。结果表明:土壤浸出液的电导率、溶液中阴离子含量对材料的腐蚀影响较大,电导率越高、土壤中阴离子含量越多,腐蚀越严重。试样在成都土壤浸出液中的腐蚀最严重,腐蚀速率为0.011 8 mm/a,约为在3.5% NaCl溶液的1/3;试样在理塘禾泥乡土壤浸出液中的腐蚀最轻微,腐蚀速率为0.000 4 mm/a,与在超纯水中的相近。

The corrosivity of the soil environment in different places in Sichuan and Tibet was evaluated by testing the physical and chemical parameters of the soil leaching solution, such as the content of corrosive elements, pH and conductivity. The electrochemical behavior of Q355B steel sample in soil leaching solution, ultrapure water and 3.5% NaCl solution was also investigated. The results showed that the conductivity of the soil leaching solution and the anion content in the solution had a greater impact on the corrosion of the material. The higher the conductivity and the more the anion content in the soil, the more serious the corrosion. The corrosion rate of the sample in Chengdu soil leaching solution was 0.011 8 mm/a, which was about 1/3 of that in 3.5% NaCl solution,and the corrosion rate of the sample in the soil leaching solution of Heni Township, Litang was 0.000 4 mm/a, which was similar to that in ultra-pure water.