激光功率对铝/钢激光对接熔钎焊接头组织与性能的影响
Effect of Laser Power on Microstructure and Properties of Aluminum/Steel Laser Butt Welding-Brazing Joint
摘 要
以Er2319焊丝为钎料,在不同激光功率(1.0~1.4 kW)下对6061-T6铝合金和Q235A镀锌钢进行激光对接熔钎焊,研究了激光功率对接头显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:在1.1~1.3 kW激光功率下均可实现铝合金和钢的有效连接,激光功率为1.2 kW时的成形质量最好;1.1,1.2 kW激光功率下焊缝区组织为大量的等轴晶以及少量的破碎枝晶,1.3 kW激光功率下则以粗大的针状晶为主;1.2 kW激光功率下接头界面处的金属间化合物层厚度小于1.1 kW激光功率下;接头的抗拉强度随着激光功率的增加呈先升后降的趋势,1.2 kW激光功率下的抗拉强度最大,为107.42 MPa,断裂类型为韧脆混合断裂。
激光对接熔钎焊
金属间化合物
拉伸性能
aluminum/steel dissimilar metal welding
laser butt welding-brazing
intermetallic compound
tensile property
Abstract
Laser butt welding-brazing was conducted on 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and galvanized Q235A steel at different laser powers (1.0-1.4 kW) with Er2319 wire as filler metal. The effect of laser power on microstructure and tensile properties of the joint was studied. The results show that aluminum alloy and steel could be effectively connected at the laser power of 1.1-1.3 kW, and when the laser power was 1.2 kW, the forming quality was the best. At the laser power of 1.1, 1.2 kW, a large number of equiaxed crystals and a small number of broken dendrites were formed in the weld, and at the laser power of 1.3 kW, the microstructure mainly consisted of coarse acicular crystals. The thickness of the intermetallic compound layer at the interface of the joint at the laser power of 1.2 kW was less than that at the laser power of 1.1 kW. The tensile strength of the joints increased first and then decreased with increasing laser power, and was the largest (107.43 MPa) at the laser power of 1.2 kW; the joint showed a mixed fracture mode of ductile and brittle.
中图分类号 TG457 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202307004
所属栏目 试验研究
基金项目 柳州市科技计划项目(2021CBA0102);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2022KY0351)
收稿日期 2022/5/24
修改稿日期 2023/6/25
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
联系人作者孙有平
备注周勇(1998-),男,江苏靖江人,硕士研究生
引用该论文: ZHOU Yong,SUN Youping,HE Jiangmei,LI Wangzhen,XIE Ziwen. Effect of Laser Power on Microstructure and Properties of Aluminum/Steel Laser Butt Welding-Brazing Joint[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2023, 47(7): 22～30
周勇,孙有平,何江美,李旺珍,谢梓文. 激光功率对铝/钢激光对接熔钎焊接头组织与性能的影响[J]. 机械工程材料, 2023, 47(7): 22～30
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【11】吴永亮,顾丽霞,罗立峰.Al-Cu合金片对钢/铝异种金属激光-MIG复合焊接头组织和性能的影响[J].机械工程材料,2020,44(3):1-7. WU Y L,GU L X,LUO L F.Effect of Al-Cu alloy sheet on microstructure and properties of steel/aluminum dissimilar metal laser-MIG hybrid welded joint[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2020,44(3):1-7.
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【14】巴一,韩善果,任香会,等.不同功率对激光摆动焊接钢/铝异种材料的影响[J].激光技术,2022,46(5):636-640. BA Y,HAN S G,REN X H,et al.Influence of different power on laser swing welding of steel/aluminum dissimilar materials[J].Laser Technology,2022,46(5):636-640.
【15】方正帅,刘佳明,黄根哲,等.不等厚铝/钢激光焊接接头组织与性能研究[J].激光技术,2023,47(2):147-153. FANG Z S,LIU J M,HUANG G Z,et al.Study on microstructure and properties of laser welded joints of aluminum/steel with different thickness[J].Laser Technology,2023,47(2):147-153.
【16】许飞,陈俐,郭路云.填充焊丝对6A02铝合金光纤激光焊接接头组织性能的影响[J].焊接学报,2018,39(8):92-96. XU F,CHEN L,GUO L Y.Effects of filler wire on microstructure and mechanical properties for fiber laser welding 6A02 aluminum alloy[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2018,39(8):92-96.
【17】石玗,梁琪,张刚,等.激光毛化对铝/钢电弧熔钎焊接头界面与性能的影响[J].焊接学报,2020,41(5):25-29. SHI Y,LIANG Q,ZHANG G,et al.Effect of laser texturing on the interface and properties of aluminum/steel arc fusion brazed joints[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2020,41(5):25-29.
【18】李军兆,刘一搏,孙清洁,等.激光摆动模式对铝/钢焊接接头成形特征及组织、强度的影响[J].中国激光,2020,47(4):141-148. LI J Z,LIU Y B,SUN Q J,et al.Effects of laser beam wobble on weld formation characteristics,microstructure,and strength of aluminum alloy/steel joints[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2020,47(4):141-148.
【19】汪建梅.铝与钢异种材料焊接工艺研究[D].沈阳:沈阳航空航天大学,2013:9-10. WANG J M.Investigation on welding technology of dissimilar materials between aluminum and steel[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Aerospace University,2013:9-10.
【20】ZHANG Y,LI F N,GUO G L,et al.Effects of different powders on the micro-gap laser welding-brazing of an aluminium-steel butt joint using a coaxial feeding method[J].Materials & Design,2016,109:10-18.
【21】FAN J,THOMY C,VOLLERTSEN F.Effect of thermal cycle on the formation of intermetallic compounds in laser welding of aluminum-steel overlap joints[J].Physics Procedia,2011,12:134-141.
【22】SAIDA K,OHNISHI H,NISHIMOTO K.Fluxless laser brazing of aluminium alloy to galvanized steel using a tandem beam-dissimilar laser brazing of aluminium alloy and steels[J].Welding International,2010,24(3):161-168.
【23】SUN J H,YAN Q,GAO W,et al.Investigation of laser welding on butt joints of Al/steel dissimilar materials[J].Materials & Design,2015,83:120-128.
【24】HE H A,ZHANG L X,LIU Z X,et al.Kinetics of intermetallic compound layers between AISI 321 stainless steel and molten aluminum[J].Materials Characterization,2023,203:113062.
【25】里亚博夫.铝及铝合金与其他金属的焊接[M].王义衡,赵瑞湘,译.北京:宇航出版社.1990:22-27. RIYABOV. Welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys with other metals[M].WANG Y H,ZHAO R X, transl. Beijing:Astronautic Press. 1990:22-27.
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