Influencing Factors of Mercury Sulfate Masking Chloride Ions in Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand in High Chlorine Wastewater
摘 要
在按照标准方法HJ 828-2017和HJ/T 70-2001测定高氯废水的化学需氧量时,氯离子对测定结果具有明显的正干扰,但是系统性研究硫酸汞掩蔽氯离子影响因素的文献尚未见报道,因此考察了消解温度、消解方法、催化剂、硫酸汞与氯离子质量比、共存次氯酸根和共存溴离子等因素的影响,并进行了方法验证。以含1 000,2 000,5 000,7 500,10 000 mg·L-1氯离子的100 mg·L-1(以氧计,通过邻苯二甲酸氢钾换算)化学需氧量标准溶液为待测对象,以重铬酸钾作氧化剂,硫酸亚铁铵滴定法测定,比较了消解温度分别为180,220,260℃,消解方法分别为回流消解和密闭消解,添加或不添加硫酸银催化剂,硫酸汞与氯离子质量比分别为10∶1、20∶1和30∶1,共存次氯酸钠质量浓度分别为0,10,20,30 mg·L-1(氯离子质量浓度为1 000 mg·L-1),共存溴离子质量浓度分别为0,200,400,800 mg·L-1(氯离子质量浓度为1 000 mg·L-1)时化学需氧量测定值的相对误差以及相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5),并以优化的试验条件测定化学需氧量标准溶液和实际样品。结果显示:不添加催化剂,硫酸汞与氯离子质量比为20∶1,180℃密闭消解等条件有利于硫酸汞掩蔽氯离子,共存次氯酸根以及溴离子会对硫酸汞掩蔽氯离子产生显著的负、正干扰;用上述优化的方法测定氯离子质量浓度小于7 500 mg·L-1且不含难氧化有机物的加标样品和化学需氧量标准溶液,测定值的相对误差和RSD(n=5)均小于10%和5.3%,回收率为81.4%~107%;对比标准方法HJ 828-2017和HJ/T 70-2001,优化方法的准确度和精密度以及样品的适用范围大幅提高,并且无需使用复杂的回流装置,提高了测定效率。
Abstract
When determining the chemical oxygen demand of high chlorine wastewater according to the standard methods of HJ 828-2017 and HJ/T 70-2001, chloride ion has obvious positive interference on determined results, but the references for systematic research on the influencing factors of mercury sulfate masking chloride ions has not been reported. Therefore, the influencing factors including digestion temperature, digestion method, catalyst, mass ratio of mercury sulfate to chloride ion, coexisting hypochlorite and coexisting bromine ion, were investigated, and method validation was carried out. The 100 mg·L-1 chemical oxygen demand standard solutions (calculated by oxygen with potassium hydrogen phthalate) containing 1 000, 2 000, 5 000, 7 500, 10 000 mg·L-1 chloride ion were used as the analyte, potassium dichromate was used as the oxidant, and ammonium ferrous sulfate titration method was used for determination. The relative errors and RSDs (n=5) of the determined values of chemical oxygen demand were evaluated when digestion temperatures were 180, 220, 260℃, digestion methods were reflux digestion and sealed digestion, silver sulfate catalyst was added or not added, mass ratios of mercury sulfate to chloride ion were 10:1, 20:1 and 30:1, mass concentrations of coexisting sodium hypochlorite were 0, 10, 20, 30 mg·L-1 (the mass concentration of chloride ion was 1 000 mg·L-1), and mass concentrations of coexisting bromine ion were 0, 200, 400, 800 mg·L-1 (the mass concentration of chloride ion was 1 000 mg·L-1). The chemical oxygen demand standard solutions and actual samples were determined under the optimized test conditions. It was shown that conditions (no addition of catalyst, the sealed digestion, digestion temperature of 180℃, mass ratio of mercury sulfate to chloride ion at 20:1) were conducive to the masking of chloride ions by mercury sulfate, and the coexistence of hypochlorite and bromine ion had significant negative and positive interference on the masking of chloride ions by mercury sulfate. The above optimal method was applied to the analysis of the spiked samples and chemical oxygen demand standard solutions without difficult to oxidize organic compounds and with chloride ion mass concentration less than 7 500 mg·L-1, and relative errors and RSDs (n=5) of the determined values were less than 10% and 5.3%, giving recoveries in the range of 81.4%-107%. Compared with the standard methods of HJ 828-2017 and HJ/T 70-2001, the accuracy and precision of the optimized method, as well as the applicability range of samples, had been greatly improved, and there was no need to use complex reflux devices, thus improving the determination efficiency.
中图分类号 O655.2 DOI 10.11973/lhjy-hx202308002
所属栏目 试验与研究
基金项目
收稿日期 2021/12/27
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
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联系人作者王桂勋(wgx4587@163.com)
备注宋永超,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事生态环境监测管理及实验室分析方法等方面的研究
引用该论文: SONG Yongchao,SHI Jinghua,WANG Guixun,TAN Wei,ZHANG Jingyu,WANG Wenlei,ZHAO Wei. Influencing Factors of Mercury Sulfate Masking Chloride Ions in Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand in High Chlorine Wastewater[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis part B:Chemical Analysis, 2023, 59(8): 875~882
宋永超,石敬华,王桂勋,谭伟,张靖瑜,王文雷,赵伟. 高氯废水化学需氧量测定中硫酸汞掩蔽氯离子的影响因素[J]. 理化检验-化学分册, 2023, 59(8): 875~882
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【3】中华人民共和国环境保护部.水质化学需氧量的测定重铬酸盐法:HJ 828-2017[S].北京:中国环境出版社, 2017.
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【5】贾琰.高含氯废水中低化学需氧量(COD)检测方法[J].环保科技, 2017,23(1):41-46.
【6】王亮,盛文龙,付胜楠,等.高氯废水化学需氧量测定方法研究进展[J].环境研究与监测, 2018,31(4):21-25.
【7】常光玲,刘云,邱晓国.无汞高银低压消解法与氯气校正法测定高氯水体中化学需氧量的比较研究[J].化学分析计量, 2009,18(2):40-42.
【8】环境保护部.水质总有机碳的测定燃烧氧化-非分散红外吸收法:HJ 501-2009[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2009.
【9】吕倩,徐奕,杨海燕,等.TOC辅助高含氯废水COD测定的可行性实验探究[J].全面腐蚀控制, 2016,30(6):76-77.
【10】王娟,李保新,章竹君,等.流动注射化学发光法快速测定化学需氧量[J].分析试验室, 2004,23(7):19-21.
【11】乐琳,张晓鸣.流动注射合并带停留光度法快速测定环境水样中化学需氧量[J].岩矿测试, 2008,27(2):87-90.
【12】王金良,只金芳.流动注射-电化学氧化法测定水体化学需氧量[J].分析试验室, 2010,29(10):5-8.
【13】周天潇,金一中,徐涛.吸收-光化学氧化法处理二氯甲烷废气研究[J].浙江大学学报(理学版), 2014,41(2):191-194.
【14】倪翠芳,高晨,王芬.电化学催化氧化法快速测定化学需氧量[J].科技通报, 2013,29(4):180-182.
【15】VYRIDES I, STUCKEY D C. A modified method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) for samples with high salinity and low organics[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009,100(2):979-982.
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【18】蔡文艳,唐永明,俞斌,等.常压微波消解分光光度法测定COD的研究[J].工业水处理, 2006,26(8):63-65.
【19】李兆冉,盛彦清,孙启耀,等.溴离子对水体化学需氧量测定的影响[J].环境工程学报, 2015,9(10):5125-5132.
【20】王万林.次氯酸钠溶液稳定性研究进展[J].无机盐工业, 2007,39(9):12-14.
【21】陆贤,刘伟京,涂勇,等.次氯酸钠氧化法深度处理造纸废水试验研究[J].环境科学与技术, 2011,34(3):90-92.
【22】田静,孙水裕,曾佳俊,等.次氯酸钠处理某铅锌矿尾矿库外排废水的试验研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2013,35(10):33-35.
【23】杜国勇.次氯酸钠氧化去除气田水中COD研究[J].石油与天然气化工, 2003,32(3):185-186.
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