水淬预处理对铁道机车用轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响
Effect of Water Quenching Pretreatment on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Bearing Steel for Railway Locomotive
摘 要
对铁道机车用轴承钢锻坯进行水淬预处理,再分别对锻坯和水淬预处理钢进行奥氏体化+等温淬火处理,研究了水淬预处理对轴承钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:轴承钢锻坯的显微组织为珠光体+铁素体,水淬预处理后组织变为马氏体+少量铁素体;奥氏体化+等温淬火处理后,锻坯和水淬预处理钢中都出现了细长贝氏体板条束和块状马氏体/奥氏体(M/A)岛,水淬预处理钢中的贝氏体板条束更细小,M/A岛数量更多且尺寸更小;奥氏体化+等温淬火处理后,水淬预处理钢的抗拉强度和屈服强度较锻坯分别提高了8.68%和17.07%,冲击功也高于锻坯,但两者的断后伸长率相近。
锻坯
水淬预处理
显微组织
力学性能
bearing steel
forging stock
water quenching pretreatment
microstructure
mechanical property
Abstract
Forging stock of bearing steel used for railway locomotive was pretreated by water quenching. The forging stock and water quenching pretreated steel were subjected to austenitizing and isothermal quenching. The effect of water quenching pretreatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the bearing steel was studied. The results show that the microstructure of forged bearing steel was composed of pearlite and ferrite, and after water quenching pretreatment was composed of martensite and a little ferrite. After austenitizing and isothermal quenching, slender bainite slat bundles and massive martensite/austenite (M/A) islands appeared in both forging stock and water quenching pretreated steel. The bainite slat bundles in the water quenching pretreated steel were smaller, and M/A islands were more in amount and smaller in size. The tensile strength and yield strength of the water quenching pretreated steel after austenitizing and isothermal quenching were 8.68% and 17.07% higher than those of the forging stock, respectively, and the impact energy was also higher than that of the forging stock. But the elongation after fracture of the two was similar.
中图分类号 TG146.2 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202308010
所属栏目 材料性能及应用
基金项目 吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200401033HY);吉林省教育厅数学改革研究课题(2020ZC2021)
收稿日期 2022/5/22
修改稿日期 2023/7/5
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注张晶(1983-),女,吉林延边人,讲师,硕士
引用该论文: ZHANG Jing,ZHAO Xiaolei,HU Sufen. Effect of Water Quenching Pretreatment on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Bearing Steel for Railway Locomotive[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2023, 47(8): 59～64
张晶,赵晓磊,胡素芬. 水淬预处理对铁道机车用轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 机械工程材料, 2023, 47(8): 59～64
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【3】朱祖昌,杨弋涛,许雯.第一、二、三代轴承钢及其热处理技术的研究进展(十)[J].热处理技术与装备,2020,41(4):67-74. ZHU Z C,YANG Y T,XU W.Research progress of the first,second and third generation bearing steel and its heat treatment technology (X)[J].Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment,2020,41(4):67-74.
【4】BANIS A,BOUZOUNI M,GAVALAS E,et al.The formation of a mixed martensitic/bainitic microstructure and the retainment of austenite in a medium-carbon steel during ultra-fast heating[J].Materials Today Communications,2021,26:101994.
【5】蔡锋,田俊羽,胡海江,等.AM对低碳贝氏体钢等温相变和显微组织的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2022,34(4):380-387. CAI F,TIAN J Y,HU H J,et al.Effect of AM on isothermal transformation and microstructure of low carbon bainite steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2022,34(4):380-387.
【6】LIU N,CHENG G,ZHANG L F,et al.Composition evolution and deformation of different non-metallic inclusions in a bearing steel during hot rolling[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2022,29(4):552-562.
【7】孙小东,王云广,王红伟,等.高淬透性轴承钢等温淬火工艺研究[J].热处理技术与装备,2020,41(4):27-29. SUN X D,WANG Y G,WANG H W,et al.Research on isothermal quenching of high hardenability bearing steel[J].Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment,2020,41(4):27-29.
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【12】ZHAO L J,QIAN L H,ZHOU Q A,et al.The combining effects of ausforming and below-Ms or above-Ms austempering on the transformation kinetics,microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon bainitic steel[J].Materials & Design,2019,183:108123.
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【17】ZHOU Y T,HOJO T,KOYAMA M,et al.Effect of austempering treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 0.4C-1.5Si-1.5Mn TRIP-aided bainitic ferrite steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2021,819:141479.
【18】姚春霞,蓝慧芳,杜林秀.等温淬火工艺对超高强贝氏体钢组织性能影响[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2019,40(7):948-951. YAO C X,LAN H F,DU L X.Effect of austempering process on microstructure and mechanical property of ultra-high strength bainitic steel[J].Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science),2019,40(7):948-951.
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