采用金相检验、硬度测试、力学性能测试等方法对电镀锌冲压钢板表面产生橘皮缺陷的原因进行分析。结果表明:电镀锌钢板的组织为铁素体+珠光体,缺陷试样表面的晶粒尺寸异常粗大,使表面的硬度升高,力学性能下降,最终导致冲压钢板表面产生橘皮缺陷。采用控制轧制温度的方法可以细化晶粒,从而提高晶粒间的变形协调性,促使其发生均匀塑性变形,避免冲压钢板产生橘皮缺陷。

The cause of orange peel defects on the surface of electrogalvanized stamping steel plate were analyzed by metallographic examination, hardness test and mechanical property test. The results show that the microstructure of electrogalvanized steel plate was ferrite+pearlite, the grain size on the surface of the defective sample was abnormally coarse, which increased the surface hardness and decreased the mechanical properties, ultimately led to orange peel defects on the surface of the stamped steel plate. The method of controlling rolling temperature could refine the grains, improve the deformation coordination between grains, promote uniform plastic deformation and avoid orange peel defects in stamped steel plates.