某型号电梯安全钳楔块发生磨损现象。采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、硬度测试、金相检验、扫描电镜及能谱分析等方法对楔块磨损的原因进行分析。结果表明:在安全钳制动过程中,楔块与导轨之间发生剧烈摩擦,并产生了大量的热,使楔块工作面中部的温度升高,从而产生过回火效应,楔块表层组织由回火马氏体转变为回火索氏体,楔块工作面中部的硬度和耐磨性下降,最终导致楔块发生严重的黏着磨损和磨粒磨损现象。

A certain model of elevator safety gear wedge was worn. The reason for wedge wear was analyzed by macroscopic observation, chemical composition analysis, hardness testing, metallographic examination, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that during the braking process of the safety caliper, severe friction occurred between the wedge and the guide rail, generated a large amount of heat, which increased the temperature in the middle of the wedge working face, resulted in an over tempering effect. The surface structure of the wedge changed from tempered martensite to tempered sorbite, and the hardness and wear resistance in the middle of the wedge working face decreased, ultimately led to severe adhesive wear and abrasive wear of the wedge.