针对国内油气田油气集输管道运行期间的清管作业，详细介绍了国内外清管器的类型、特点、适用性以及清管相关标准规范的建设情况，并分析了国内主要油气田油气集输管道清管作业现状及在清管作业过程中所面临的难题，探究了清管过程中出现卡堵问题的原因，从清管前的风险分析、清管器及清管参数的选取到安全保障措施的制定等方面提出了国内清管作业规范需要完善与细化的内容。在此基础上，围绕油气田现场清管作业的实际需求，借鉴国外清管规范及国内外清管案例的先进经验，提出了未来清管技术规范的建设方向，以便为国内油气田现场集输管道清管作业提供更好的指导。

Aiming at the pigging operation of oil and gas pipelines during the operation period, the types, characteristics, applicable operation scenarios of pigs in China and abroad, and the construction of relevant standards and specifications for pigging were introduced in detail. The current status of pigging operations for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines in major domestic oil and gas fields and the practices in the process of pigging operations were analysed. The difficulties faced and the reasons for the jamming problem in the pigging process were studied deeply. The work specification needs to be improved and refined for the domestic pigging, which was further suggested from the risk analysis before pigging, the selection of pigs and pigging parameters, and the formulation of safety guarantee measures. On this basis, focusing on the actual needs of on-site pigging operations, drawing on the advanced experience of foreign pigging specifications and domestic and foreign pigging cases, the construction direction of future pigging technical specifications was put forward, in order to provide better guidance for domestic oil and gas fields on-site pigging operations.