为探讨日本分布式热电联产产业的发展经验，从而为仍处于发展初期的我国相关产业发展提供启示，从技术与市场两个层面阐述了日本分布式热电联产产业近期发展重点与中长期发展目标。从投资补助、税收减免、优惠气价、上网电价等角度全面梳理了日本为分布式热电联产系统应用与推广所出台的一系列政策。从项目执行手续、NOx排放规章制度等角度解明了日本为规范分布式热电联产项目实施所制定的相关规章制度。分析结果表明，为促进分布式热电联产产业发展，有必要推进体制、机制和政策的全面革新，制定中长期发展目标及与之匹配的政策路线图。

To examine the experience of distributed cogeneration development in Japan, so as to give some revelations for China, the current focus and medium and long term targets of distributed cogeneration industry in Japan had been analyzed from the technical and market viewpoints. In addition, the promotion policies for the penetration of cogeneration systems including investment subsidies, tax deduction, discounted gas price and electricity buyback price, had been introduced in a detailed way. Moreover, the relevant rules and regulations relating to the execution of distributed cogeneration projects, such as project execution procedures and NOx emission regulation, had been discussed. According to the analysis results, in order to promote the sustainable development of distributed cogeneration industry, the innovation of mechanism, regime and policy is necessary, the longterm development target and corresponding policy roadmap should also be developed.