由拉伸试验获得E-玻璃纤维2D编织层铺增强树脂基复合材料的力学性能, 通过弹性力学推导出材料正交各向异性的本构关系, 并对本构关系中的刚度矩阵进行数值解析, 得到复合材料的弹性本构方程; 将结果应用于Hashin强度准则, 建立了以连续损伤力学为基础的正交各向异性损伤本构模型。将所建立的弹性及损伤本构关系赋予层合板三维模型, 通过ABAQUS/Explicit软件模拟弹丸冲击复合材料层合板的过程, 并对模拟结果进行分析。结果表明: 当冲击载荷达到材料的临界损伤值(732 N)时层合板发生破裂, 并在24 μs达到最大变形量, 此时应力重新分配, 且复合材料横截面上的应力在中心处从0向外逐渐增大到509.8 MPa; 在冲击整个过程中, 材料的损伤从中心向四周呈放射状递减。

The mechanical properties of E-glass fiber reinforced composites were achieved through tensile test. The elastic constitutive equation of composite was obtained through orthotropic anisotropic constitutive relation of material derived from elastic mechanics and the numerical analysis of stiffness matrix in constitutive relation. The results were applied to Hashin strength criterion to establish orthotropic anisotropic damage constitutive model based on a continuous damage mechanics. The created elastic constitutive model and damage constitutive model gave laminates a three-dimensional model then using the finite element software ABAQUS/Explicit the impact of a projectile through the GFRP composite laminates was simulated. And the simulation results were analyzed. Results show that when the impact load reached a critical material damage value (732 N), the composite plate fractured. The maximum deformation occured and the stress redistributed at 24 μs in the impact process. At this point the stress of composite on traverse section increased outward from 0 MPa to 509.8 MPa. The damage of material gradually decreased from center to outside as a radial pattern in the whole impact process.