通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、室温压缩试验机等研究了固溶温度对形状记忆合金Cu-17.55Al-9.84Mn(物质的量分数/%, 下同)和Cu-19.1Al-9.9Mn冷加工性能的影响。结果表明: 固溶温度对含17.55%Al合金的冷加工性能影响显著, 但对含19.1%Al合金的影响较小;含17.55%Al的合金因铝含量较低, 经700 ℃以上温度固溶后冷至室温获得的β相或18R马氏体具有低的有序度, 在应力作用下容易发生马氏体转变或马氏体再取向, 其冷加工性能显著好于α+β两相区时的; 含19.1%Al合金在不同温度固溶后的冷加工性能显著低于含17.55%Al合金的, 因其室温组织主要由有序度高的β相组成。

The cold working properties of the Cu-17.55Al-9.84Mn (mole fraction) and Cu-19.1Al-9.9Mn shape memory alloys were studied by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and room temperature compression tester. The results show that the solid solution temperature had a significant effect on the cold working properties of the alloy containing 17.55% Al, but a weak effect on that of the alloy containing 19.1% Al. After solid solution above 700 ℃, β phase or 18R martensite with low order degree was obtained at room temperature because the alloy containing 17.55% Al owned low aluminum content, thus the stress easily made β phase or 18R martensite transform into martensite or martensite reorient, so the cold working properties were much higher than the alloy in two phase α and β. The cold working properties of the alloy containing 19.1% Al were far lower than those of the alloy containing 17.55% Al as its structure was mainly composed of β phase with high order degree at room temperature.