对304L奥氏体不锈钢板进行电化学充氢, 研究了其充氢前后拉伸性能与氢含量的关系以及充氢再放氢后的拉伸性能, 并分析了拉伸断口的断裂性质。结果表明: 充氢后不锈钢的塑性明显降低, 且塑性降低程度随着氢含量的增加而增大, 当可扩散氢的质量分数大于12×10-6时, 伸长率的损减率达到10%以上; 试样断口的表层由充氢前的韧性断裂变为充氢后的脆性断裂, 放氢后塑性得到一定程度的恢复。

Electrochemical hydrogen-charging was applied on 304L austenitic stainless steel plate to study the relations between tensile property of the steel before and after hydrogen-charging and hydrogen contents, the tensile property of pre-charged and hydrogen-releasing of 304L austenitic stainless steel was studied and the characteristic of tensile fracture was analyzed. The results show that plasticity of the stainless steel after hydrogen-charging obviously decreased, and the plasticity decreasing degree increased with the increase of hydrogen contents. When mass fraction of diffusible hydrogen was more than 12×10-6, the elongation decreasing rate was above 10%. The surface fracture characteristics changed from ductile fracture before hydrogen-charging to embrittlement fracture after hydrogen-charging. After hydrogen-releasing, the plasticity could obtain a certain degree of recovery.