采用高功率CO2激光器对6 mm厚5083铝合金板进行深熔焊接制备了T型搭接接头, 探讨了激光功率、焊接速度、离焦量及侧吹气体流量对焊缝成形性能的影响。结果表明: 随着激光功率的增加和焊接速度的降低, 焊缝熔深、熔宽与结合处宽度随之增加, 焊缝成形性能先提高后降低; 离焦量、侧吹气体流量对焊缝尺寸影响不大, 但选择不当会形成焊缝缺陷; 当激光功率为10 kW, 焊接速度为1 100 mm·min-1, 离焦量为-2 mm, 侧吹气体流量为28 L·min-1时, 焊缝成形良好, 可得到较好的铝合金搭接T型接头。

The penetration welding process was used to prepare T-lap joint by high power CO2 laser with 5083 aluminum alloy plates with 6 mm thick. The effects of laser power, welding rate, defocusing distance and the side gas flow on weld seam formability were studied. The results show that the penetration, weld width and joint width of weld seam increased with the increase of laser power and the decrease of welding rate, and the weld seam formability increased and then decreased. The defocusing distance and the side gas flow had less effect on size of weld seam, but the defects would appeared in weld seam if the choice for them was inappropriate.The fairly good aluminum T-lap joint could be obtained when the laser power was 10 kW, welding rate was 1 100 mm·min-1, defocusing distance was -2 mm and the side gas flow was 28 L·min-1, and the weld seam formability was good.