为了找到压水堆核电站控制棒驱动机构可拆接头用X12CrNi13马氏体不锈钢最佳的热处理制度, 对其进行不同温度的淬火和回火处理, 并采用组织观察、拉伸试验、冲击试验以及硬度测试等方法, 研究了热处理温度对其组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明: 随着淬火温度的升高, 奥氏体晶粒不断长大, 导致淬火后马氏体板条粗化; 随回火温度的升高, 马氏体逐渐分解, 回火组织逐渐趋于稳定, 碳化物析出并长大, 试验钢的强度降低, 塑性和韧性提高; 经过980 ℃淬火+660 ℃高温回火的调质热处理后, 试验钢的组织和综合力学性能最佳。

In order to find the best heat treatment progress for X12CrNi13 martensitic stainless steel used for the couplings of control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) of pressurized water reactors (PWR), quenching and tempering at different temperatures were performed. Through microstructure observation, tensile testing, impact testing and hardness testing, the effects of heat treatment temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties the steel were studied. The results show that with the increase of quenching temperature, the austenite grain size continued to grow up, which lead to martensitic lath coarsening after quenching. With the increase of tempering temperature, martensite gradually decomposed, tempered microstructure gradually stabilized, carbides separated out and grow up, strength reduced, ductility and toughness increased. The tested steel had optimum microstructure and combination mechanical properties after quenching at 980 ℃ and tempering at 660 ℃.