GCr15钢制轧辊在淬火后的第二次回火过程中发生爆裂失效事故, 通过断口分析、化学成分分析、硬度测试和金相检验等方法对轧辊的断裂过程及原因进行了分析。结果表明: 轧辊热处理前材料质量较差, 存在严重的成分偏析和网状碳化物, 材料脆性较大, 是导致该轧辊发生爆裂失效的主要原因; 而轧辊淬火冷却速率较快产生较大的淬火应力, 则是导致轧辊爆裂的诱因。最后提出了改进措施, 对轧辊的生产起借鉴作用。

Bursting failure happened to a GCr15 steel roll during the second tempering after quenching, and the bursting process and reason of the roll were studied by means of fracture analysis, chemical compositions analysis hardness test and metallographic examination. The results show that the main reason for the bursting was the poor quality of the material with severe brittleness before heat treatment due to chemical compositions segregation and network carbide, and the internal stress caused by fast quenching cooling speed promoted the bursting. At last improvement measures were proposed to provide reference to the roll production.