回顾了大马力发动机活塞发展历程及无损检测技术的应用情况。介绍了先进的电子束焊接活塞无损检测方法，包括活塞顶的超声波五探头水浸检测、活塞顶和活塞体的射线实时成像检测、电子束焊缝的超声波六探头水浸检测及工业CT检测、镶圈粘接质量的超声波检测等。论述了多种无损检测方法综合应用在电子束焊接活塞质量保证中的重要作用。最后对新型颗粒增强铝基复合材料活塞的无损检测技术作了展望。

A review of the investigations that were made on the development and application of the NDT(Nondestructive testing) technique for pistons of highpower engines was presented. The NDT technologies used in advanced EBW(Electron Beam Welding) pistons were also recommended, including ultrasonic immersion testing for piston head with five probes, Xray realtime imaging for heads and bodies, ultrasonic immersion testing with six probes as well as industrial Xray computed tomography for electron beam welds, ultrasonic immersion testing for the bonding quality of ring carrier, etc. The important role of several NDT technologies comprehensively applied to quality controls of EBW pistons was discussed. Finally, the future research trends of the NDT technologies for the latest piston of particulates reinforced Al matrix composites were outlined.