为了满足我国不锈钢产品设计、热处理与加工工艺的确定与优化、焊接工艺和焊缝质量评定、服役适用性评价等方面的需求,在实现不锈钢各类局部腐蚀(点蚀、缝隙腐蚀、晶间腐蚀、应力腐蚀)常规评价技术的基础上,建立了超316级别不锈钢腐蚀的系统评价技术.本文介绍的是复旦大学材料科学系近来实现的一批主要技术及其应用实例.包括:(1)临界点蚀温度(CPT)和微蚀坑控制技术两类方法:(2)双相不锈钢固溶处理温度范围中合金元素在两相间分配效果的评价:(3)奥氏体不锈钢电化学动电位再活化(EPR)评价技术在双相不锈钢晶间腐蚀评价中的拓展:(4)中低温处理中的二次相析出规律与对应点蚀、晶间腐蚀敏感性的评定:(5)交流阻抗技术在复杂组织晶间腐蚀敏感性评价中的应用:(6)缝隙腐蚀临界温度测量技术及其应用.

For meeting the requirements of product design,optimization of heat treatment and hot working process,welding technology and subsequent evaluation of weldment quality,as well as assessment of service applicability for different kinds of stainless steels,some evaluation technologies for stainless steels have been established in combination with the ordinary testing standards for localized corrosion,such as pitting corrosion,crevice corrosion,intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.The present paper summarizes the main measurement technologies and their applications.The contents are as follows: (1) to establish the critical pitting temperature (CPT) measurement and the technology for micro-pit control;(2) to check out the partitioning behavior of alloying elements between ferrite and austenite during solution treatment of duplex stainless steels at different annealing temperatures (1000-1300 ℃);(3) to apply the non-destructive electrochemical polarization reactivation (EPR) originally designed for austenite stainless steels to a series of duplex stainless steels;(4) to clarify the relationship between the precipitation kinetics of secondary phase induced by lower temperature treatment (300-1000 ℃) and the associated pitting and intergranular corrosion of stainless steels;(5) to apply the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technology to assessing the intergranular corrosion behavior in complex microstructures;(6) to found the crevice corrosion temperature (CCT) method and its application.