对常见的304不锈钢在大气环境下发生大面积锈蚀的原因,从材料组织、夹杂物水平、耐晶间腐蚀性能、锈蚀点形貌、锈蚀发生位置成分、锈层组成等几个方面进行系统分析,同时采用盐雾加速腐蚀试验方法测试材料耐腐蚀性能.结果表明,表层夹杂物引起材料局部腐蚀电位降低,加之材料在局部酸洗后,酸洗液未清洗干净,导致材料发生腐蚀,腐蚀仅发生在表层30 μm深度,打磨可以避免材料的进一步腐蚀.

The reasons for atmosphere corrosion of 304 stainless steel were investigated by analyzing the microstructure,the grade of non-metallic inclusion,the micrograph,the chemical composition and composing of rust samples.And the spray salt testing was used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the samples.The results showed that the corrosion potential could be reduced by the non-metallic inclusions,further more,the steels were pickled partially,the acid was not removed clearly,which would cause corrosion in the steel.The corrosion depth was only 30 μm,it could be prevented by grinding the rust layer.