电动汽车作为全新的一种交通工具, 受到越来越广泛地关注。城市充电站的规划是电动汽车产业发展的重要基础, 是一个多目标、多变量的复杂非线性优化问题。分析了影响充电站规划的主要因素, 并从规划主体的利益出发, 对充电站规划模型进行分类和讨论, 还分析了各类规划模型的特点以及模型的求解算法。针对国内外充电站规划模型和算法存在的一些问题和不足, 从不确定性因素、电能质量、环境效益、可再生能源接入和模型与算法的改进等多个方面, 探讨了充电站规划的关键问题和研究方向。

As a new means of transport, electric vehicles are paid attention widely more and more. The planning of charging stations on urban is the important foundation of electric vehicles industrialization. It is a multi-objective, multi-variable, nonlinear and complex optimization problem. This paper analyzed the principal factors affecting planning of charging stations. In the interesting of planning body, planning models were classified and discussed. The characteristics and solving algorithms of various programming model were analyzed. Aiming at some problems and insufficiency of programming models and solving algorithms, from several aspects such as uncertainty factors, power quality, environmental benefits, access of renewable energy, the improvement of model and algorithm, This paper discussed the key issues and research direction of charging stations planning.