低碳钢输油管穿孔原因分析
Pitting Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel Tube Used for Oil Transportation
摘 要
外涂沥青的埋地低碳钢汽油输油管使用8 a之后出现了穿孔,造成了较大的经济损失.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪等手段对其进行了分析.结果表明:孔边沿的显微组织中未发现变形层,孔口处的残留产物主要为铁磁性氧化物,未发现FeO等高温氧化产物,排除了人为破坏穿孔的可能;认为油管穿孔是一种典型的局部腐蚀,闭孔形式的小孔腐蚀是这种局部腐蚀的主要腐蚀机理;大阴极和小阳极进一步加速了这种腐蚀过程.
穿孔
局部腐蚀
小孔腐蚀
petroleum pipeline
pitting corrosion localized corrosion
cavity corrosion
Abstract
Dozens of kilometers of petroleum pipeline painted with pitch was buried underground for almost 8 years.A section of this pipe underground of a pond pored a hole in it.Great economic losses have been caused by the failure of the pipeline.It is urgently necessary to investigate the cause of this failure.Optical metallography,scanning electronic microscope,energy spectrum analysis and X-ray diffraction were used in the investigation of the fracture,microstructure,chemical composition and phases in the alloy.The possibility of arbitrary penetration of the steel pipeline was excluded by microstructure analysis and phases detective technique.The hole in the pipeline was made by localized corrosion.The major mechanism in this failure case is occluded cavity corrosion.In the corrosion process,the corrosion is accelerated by a high cathode and low anode.
中图分类号 TG172.9
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收稿日期 2006/12/18
修改稿日期 2007/3/20
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备注朱远志(1970-),男,湖南双峰人,副教授,博士.
引用该论文: ZHU Yuan-zhi,SHEN Yan. Pitting Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel Tube Used for Oil Transportation[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2007, 31(10): 70～72
朱远志,沈燕. 低碳钢输油管穿孔原因分析[J]. 机械工程材料, 2007, 31(10): 70～72
被引情况:
【1】韩烨,崔振铎,刘兆增,魏 强,巴林,陈兆龙,沈健,范兆存,朱胜利,杨贤金, "压气站硫腐蚀TD-02缓蚀剂的制备与应用",机械工程材料 37, 26-29(2013)
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参考文献
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【14】钱建刚,李荻,郭宝兰.氢氧化钠浓度对镁合金阳极氧化的影响[J].航空材料学报,2005(4):53-58.
【15】Guo X P,Chen Z Y, Qu J.Novel quantitative method for evaluation pitting corrosion and pitting corrosion inhibition of carbon steel using electrochemical noise analysis[J].Journal of Materials Science,2005,40(17):4469-4473.
【2】Cern I,Linhart V.An evaluation of the resistance of pipeline steels to initiation and early growth of stress corrosion cracks[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2004,71(4):913-921.
【3】邓民宪,张永凯,袁玉柱.埋地输油管道失效原因分析[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,1999,11(6):373-375.
【4】牛耀玉,李胜彪,梁庚白.宝浪油田联合站污水腐蚀性研究[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2003(5):31-35.
【5】李自力,冯叔初.油气混输管道的内壁腐蚀[J].油气田地面工程,1996(1):65-68.
【6】李文印,郝长生,曹兴东,等.对注水井油管防腐机理的分析与探讨[J].石油钻采工艺,1994(3):105-108.
【7】Lim Y S,Kim J S,Ahn S J,et al.The influences of microstructure and nitrogen alloying on pitting corrosion of type 316L and 20 wt.% Mn-substituted type 316L stainless steels[J].Corrosion Science,2001,43(1):53-68.
【8】Zhang Y S,Zhu X M,Zhong S H.Effect of alloying elements on the electrochemical polarization behavior and passive film of Fe-Mn base alloys in various aqueous solutions[J].Corrosion Science,2004,46(4):853-876.
【9】Rajendran S,Apparao B V,Palaniswamy N.Corrosion inhibition by strainless complexes[J].Corrosion Science,2001,43(7):1345-1354.
【10】Fujioka E,Nishihara H,Aramaki K.The inhibition of pit nucleation and growth on the passive surface of iron in a borate buffer solution containing Cl- by oxidizing inhibitors[J].Corrosion Science,1996,38(11):1915-1933.
【11】刘幼平,周培君,张 洁.外部电位对蚀孔或裂缝扩展阶段闭塞区腐蚀行为的影响[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,1995(1):43-48.
【12】张轲,牛焱,吴维.NiCr合金在KCl-ZnCl_2盐膜下含氯氧化性气氛中的腐蚀[J].材料研究学报,2004(4):337-342.
【13】李淑英.醋酸介质中T-403塔不锈钢填料腐蚀机理研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2005(3):335-339.
【14】钱建刚,李荻,郭宝兰.氢氧化钠浓度对镁合金阳极氧化的影响[J].航空材料学报,2005(4):53-58.
【15】Guo X P,Chen Z Y, Qu J.Novel quantitative method for evaluation pitting corrosion and pitting corrosion inhibition of carbon steel using electrochemical noise analysis[J].Journal of Materials Science,2005,40(17):4469-4473.
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