高速铁路钢轨电磁检测试验
Electromagnetic Detection of High-Speed Railway
摘 要
高速铁路损伤的缺陷主要表现形式发生变化, 对其巡检已成为世界各国无损检测的重大课题。采用电磁检测方法, 通过仿真及试验研究, 结合钢轨实际案例进行分析验证, 初步建立在高速运动的交直流激励作用下, 被测钢轨材料及其表面、亚表面一定深度下的钢轨裂纹、应力等多种因素与被测材料表面三维等效脉冲涡流电磁场、磁泄漏和剩磁、巴克豪森噪声信号响应的关系。
电磁检测
缺陷
应力
High-speed railway
Electromagnetic detection
Defect
Stress
Abstract
The oblique cracks are very dangerous in high speed railway, and rather difficult to be detected. In this paper electromagnetic techniques are used to solve this problem. By means of simulation and experimentation of rail sample, the relationship between the electromagnetic response of rail head material under excitation and the situation of defects and stress in the surface and subsurface is researched. The model also contains the variables of different feature of defects in the material and stress of the material. Based on the results of simulation, a Yoke and 3D magnetic sensor array is formed and PMFL, PEC effects are measured to get the feature of defects while the magnetic memory effect and Barkhausen noise are measured to get the information of stress formulation in a non-contact way.
中图分类号 TG115.28
所属栏目 2010年远东无损检测论坛论文精选
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备注王 平(1977-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 研究方向为测试计量技术与仪器。
引用该论文: WANG Ping,DING Song,TIAN Gui-Yun,WANG Hai-Tao,YANG Ya-Rong. Electromagnetic Detection of High-Speed Railway[J]. Nondestructive Testing, 2010, 32(11): 829～832
王 平,丁 松,田贵云,王海涛,杨雅荣. 高速铁路钢轨电磁检测试验[J]. 无损检测, 2010, 32(11): 829～832
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参考文献
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【17】刘学文, 邹定强, 邢丽贤, 等.钢轨踏面斜裂纹伤损原因及对策的研究[J].中国铁道科学, 2004, 25(2): 82-87.
【18】李晶晶, 田常海, 汪越胜.U71Mn 和U75V钢轨钢疲劳短裂纹的扩展行为[J].钢铁研究学报, 2006, 18(4): 37-40.
【19】祝连庆.钢轨高速探伤系统的研究[J].仪器仪表学报, 2002, 23(增3): 119-121.
【20】金炜.新型钢轨探伤中试试验车探伤小车的研制[J].铁道机车车辆, 2005, 25(5): 31-34.
【21】马咸尧, 孙大千.巴克豪森应力效应的研究[J].华中理工大学学报, 1994, 22(9): 29-33.
【22】马咸尧, 孙大千.利用磁声法测量钢铁构件表面应力[J].华中理工大学学报, 1996, 24(07): 40-45.
【23】祁欣, 陈滨, 刘殿魁.铁磁材料内应力、硬度、组织对巴克豪森噪讯的影响[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报, 1999, 20(1): 94-97.
【24】祁欣, 于石生. 无缝线路钢轨纵向应力在线检测研究[J].机械工程学报, 1998(2): 104-109.
【25】祁欣, 刘明翠.巴克豪森效应和磁滞曲线的测定[J].实验技术与管理, 2007(6): 25-27.
【26】田浩, 于石生, 赵小莹.利用巴克豪森效应测定钢轨纵向应力[J].材料科学与工艺, 2004, 12(02): 196-198.
【27】Li Y, Tian G Y, Ward S. Numerical simulation on magnetic flux leakage testing at high speed[J]. NDT & E International, 2006, 39(5): 367-373.
【28】Wilson John W, Tian Gui Yun. Pulsed electromagnetic methods for defect detection and characterization[J]. NDT & E International, 2007, 40(4): 275-283.
【2】Robin Clark. Rail flaw detection: overview and needs for future developments[J]. NDT&E International, 2004, 37(2): 111-118.
【3】U S Department of Transportation Federal Railroad Administration. On-line High-speed Rail Defect Detection–Phase III[EB/OL]. http: //www.fra.dot.gov/downloads/research/rr0507.pdf.
【4】Francesco Lanza di Scalea, Ivan Bartoli, Piervincenzo Rizzo, et al. High-speed defect detection in rails by noncontact guided ultrasonic testing[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2005, 19(16): 66-67.
【5】U S Department of Transportation Federal Railroad Administration. On-line High-speed Rail Defect Detection[EB/OL]. http: //www.fra.dot.gov/downloads/research/rr0825.pdf.
【6】NDT Source Center. Rail Inspection[EB/OL]. http: //www.ndt-ed.org/AboutNDT/SelectedApplications/RailInspection/RailInspection.htm.
【7】Rachel S Edwards, Steve Dixon, Xiaoming Jian. Non-contact ultrasonic testing of the railhead[EB/OL]. http: //www2.theiet.org/oncomms/pn/measurement/RI-EDWARDS.pdf.
【8】Papaelias M Ph, Lugg M C, Roberts C, et al. High-speed inspection of rails using ACFM techniques[J]. NDT&E International, 2009, 42(2): 328-335.
【9】Edwards R S, Sophian A, Dixona S, et al. Dual EMAT and PEC non-contact probe applications to defect testing[J]. NDT&E International, 2006, 39(1): 45-52.
【10】Clapham L, White S, Lee J, et al. Atherton, Magnetic easy axis development in steel—the influence of manufacturing[J]. Appl Phys, 2000, 88(4): 2163-2165.
【11】Djordje Spasojevi, Srdjan Bukvi, Sava Miloevi, et al. Barkhausen noise: Elementary signals, power laws, and scaling relations[J]. Phys Rev E, 1996(54): 2531-2546.
【12】Mehta Amit P, Mills Andrea C. Universal pulse shape scaling function and exponents: Critical test for avalanche models applied to Barkhausen noise[J]. Physical Review E, 2002(65): 046139.
【13】Kownacki C. The application of multiparametric analysis of Barkhausen noise using continuous wavelet transform in comparative stress testing[EB/OL]. http: //www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713645777~db=all~tab=issueslist~branches=23-v2323.
【14】刘启跃, 王文健, 周仲荣.高速与重载铁路钢轨损伤及预防技术差异研究[J].润滑与密封, 2007, 32(11): 11-14.
【15】赵雪芹, 钟雯, 王文健, 等.高速重载线路钢轨损伤特性分析[J]. 润滑与密封, 2007, 32(10): 100-102.
【16】赵雪芹, 王文健, 郭俊, 等.广深线PD3与U71Mn钢轨斜裂纹形成特性分析[J].润滑与密封, 2007, 32(3): 35-37.
【17】刘学文, 邹定强, 邢丽贤, 等.钢轨踏面斜裂纹伤损原因及对策的研究[J].中国铁道科学, 2004, 25(2): 82-87.
【18】李晶晶, 田常海, 汪越胜.U71Mn 和U75V钢轨钢疲劳短裂纹的扩展行为[J].钢铁研究学报, 2006, 18(4): 37-40.
【19】祝连庆.钢轨高速探伤系统的研究[J].仪器仪表学报, 2002, 23(增3): 119-121.
【20】金炜.新型钢轨探伤中试试验车探伤小车的研制[J].铁道机车车辆, 2005, 25(5): 31-34.
【21】马咸尧, 孙大千.巴克豪森应力效应的研究[J].华中理工大学学报, 1994, 22(9): 29-33.
【22】马咸尧, 孙大千.利用磁声法测量钢铁构件表面应力[J].华中理工大学学报, 1996, 24(07): 40-45.
【23】祁欣, 陈滨, 刘殿魁.铁磁材料内应力、硬度、组织对巴克豪森噪讯的影响[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报, 1999, 20(1): 94-97.
【24】祁欣, 于石生. 无缝线路钢轨纵向应力在线检测研究[J].机械工程学报, 1998(2): 104-109.
【25】祁欣, 刘明翠.巴克豪森效应和磁滞曲线的测定[J].实验技术与管理, 2007(6): 25-27.
【26】田浩, 于石生, 赵小莹.利用巴克豪森效应测定钢轨纵向应力[J].材料科学与工艺, 2004, 12(02): 196-198.
【27】Li Y, Tian G Y, Ward S. Numerical simulation on magnetic flux leakage testing at high speed[J]. NDT & E International, 2006, 39(5): 367-373.
【28】Wilson John W, Tian Gui Yun. Pulsed electromagnetic methods for defect detection and characterization[J]. NDT & E International, 2007, 40(4): 275-283.
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