采用微波消解技术消解原油和渣油样品,研究了微波消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定原油和渣油中铁、镍和铜的方法.考察了最佳样品用量、酸用量、微波消解时间、消解压力、消解功率,确定了微波消解原油和渣油的最佳程序.此法样品损失少,酸用量少,降低了环境污染,所用时间缩短了3.5倍.测定结果与灰化法结果一致,铁、镍和铜的相对误差分别为1.6%,1.4%和1.6%.该方法简便、快速、准确,是一种绿色环保的分析方法.

Microwave-assisted sample digestion was used for the pretreatment of the oil samples.Parameters of sample quantity,amount of acids,digestion time,microwave power and digestion program were optimized.And flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used for the determination of Fe,Ni,Cu in crude oil and residual oil.The method had the advantage of less loss of sample,less consumption of reagents,reduction of environmental contamination,and the analysis period was reduced by 3.5 fold as compared with the dry-ashing pretreatment.Results of determination were in agreement with those obtained by the routine method.Relative errors were 1.6% for Fe,1.4% for Ni and 1.6% for Cu,respectively.It is a green analytical method of analysis favourable to environmental protection.