通过正交试验筛选了适合2197铝锂合金化学铣切加工抛光工艺的槽液配方, 探讨了材料状态、抛光温度和抛光时间对2197铝锂合金碱腐蚀及化学铣切后表面抛光性能的影响。结果表明,HNO3含量和温度是影响抛光效果的主要因素, CrO3的影响次之, HF最小。材料的不同状态对抛光有较大影响, T8态过时效的铝锂合金抛光后粗糙度最小, T6态欠时效的铝锂合金抛光后粗糙度最大。当抛光的配方和工艺条件为硝酸250 g/L、铬酐10 g/L、氢氟酸2 g/L、抛光时间2~3 min、抛光温度25 ℃时, 2197铝锂合金化铣表面能获得良好的抛光效果。

The solution formula of polishing process for 2197 Al-Li aluminum alloy was determined by orthogonal experiments, and the major influencing factors of material status, polishing temperature and polishing time were investigated. The results showed that the concentration of HNO3 and temperature were the main factors influencing the polishing effect. The second was CrO3, HF had the minimum influence. Different states of materials had great influence on the polishing, T8 state aging of aluminum lithium alloy had the minimum roughness after polishing, T6 state short aging aluminum lithium alloy had the maximum roughness after polishing. Under the conditions of HHO3 250 g/L, CrO3 10 g/L, HF 2 g/L, polishing temperature 25 ℃ and polishing time 2~3 min, good performance of surface polishing could be obtained.