利用SEM、EDS、XRD分析了海上某油田海底管道腐蚀穿孔失效原因，并利用高压釜挂片试验模拟了不同海底工况条件下影响管线腐蚀的因素。结果表明,海底管道内部垢样主要由CaCO3、BaSO4等组成，并形成了“垢下”腐蚀环境，最终导致管线由内至外腐蚀穿孔;在高压釜模拟试验中，硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)+细砂+碳酸钙硫酸钡垢层最符合海底管线现场工况。并根据研究结果提出针对性防腐蚀措施。

SEM, EDS and XRD were used to analyze the failure causes of the corrosion and perforation of the offshore pipeline in an offshore oilfield, and the factors affecting the corrosion of pipeline under different working conditions were simulated by autoclave sheet experimental. The results showed that the scale of the submarine pipeline were mainly composed of CaCO3, BaSO4, etc., which formed a “scale down” corrosion environment, and eventually led to corrosion from inside to outside perforation. In autoclave simulation experiment, the SRB+ fine sand + calcium carbonate scale layer was consistent with the seabed site conditions most. The specific measures for anticorrosion were proposed according to the results of the study.