电化学测量技术在不锈钢点蚀研究中的应用与进展
Application and Progress of Electrochemical Measurement Technique in Study of Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steel
摘 要
不锈钢在含有侵蚀性离子的介质中极易发生点蚀，点蚀的存在不仅降低了不锈钢件的整体强度，严重时甚至会导致设备穿孔，造成严重的经济损失。因此，关于不锈钢点蚀行为的研究技术在防腐蚀、建筑、以及石油化工等领域备受关注。以各种技术及相关化学原理为依据，着重综述了近十年国内外电化学测量技术(包括极化曲线测量技术、电化学阻抗谱技术以及扫描电化学显微镜技术等)的研究进展，评述了其在腐蚀研究领域中的应用现状、前景以及不足。
点蚀
腐蚀机理
电化学测量技术
stainless steel
pitting
corrosion mechanism
electrochemical measurement technique
Abstract
Stainless steel in mediums containing corrosive ions is extremely prone to pitting. The existence of pitting corrosion could reduce the overall strength of the stainless steel, and even lead to the equipment perforation and cause serious economic losses. Therefore, the research techniques on the corrosion behavior of stainless steel in the field of anticorrosion, construction, petrochemical and other areas receive much concern. Based on the summary of various techniques and their principles, the present paper mainly summarizes the research progress of the electrochemical measurement technologies in the last ten years. The application status, prospects and shortage of these techniques in the corrosion research are reviewed.
中图分类号 TG172 DOI 10.11973/fsyfh201607012
所属栏目 专论
基金项目 江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150270); 中石化基金项目(3250000012ZC06070008); 2015年江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(15KJB440001)
收稿日期 2015/9/24
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
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联系人作者王树立(wsl@cczu.edu.cn)
备注王树立（1957-），教授，博士，从事油气管道腐蚀与防护和电化学腐蚀研究
引用该论文: WANG Shuli,LONG Fengyi,YANG Yan,WANG Minhui. Application and Progress of Electrochemical Measurement Technique in Study of Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steel[J]. Corrosion & Protection, 2016, 37(7): 586
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参考文献
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【34】张明明,孟君,黄晓义,等. 利用SECM技术研究304不锈钢的点蚀行为\[J\]. 腐蚀与防护,2012,33(6):482486.
【2】曹楚南. 腐蚀电化学原理\[M\]. 3版. 北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
【3】BURSTEIN G T,LIU C,SOUTO R M,et al. Origins of pitting corrosion\[J\]. Corrosion Engineering,Science and Technology,2004,39(25):2530.
【4】俆跃忱,刘同友. 管道石油天然气腐蚀防护的相关技术研究进展\[J\]. 化工管理,2014,33(3):76.
【5】何仁洋,唐鑫,赵雄,等. 管道石油天然气腐蚀防护的相关技术研究进展\[J\]. 化工设备与管道,2013,50(1):5355.
【6】吴涛. 油气集输管道内腐蚀防护技术\[J\]. 油气田地面工程,2014,33(4):8586.
【7】顾彩香,吉桂军,朱冠军,等. 船舶的腐蚀与防腐措施\[J\]. 船舶工程,2010,32(3):14.
【8】RYBALKA K V,SHALDAEV V S,BEKETAEVA L A,et al. Development of pitting corrosion of stainless steel 403 in sodium chloride solutions\[J\]. Russian Journal of Electrochemistry,2010,46(2):196197.
【9】LI L,LI X G,DONG C F,et al. Cellular automaton model for simulation of metastable pitting\[J\]. Corrosion Engineering,Science and Technology,2011,46(4):340343.
【10】叶超,杜楠,田文明,等. pH值对304不锈钢在3.5% NaCl溶液中点蚀过程的影响\[J\]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报,2015,35(1):3842.
【11】张金钟,谢俊峰,宋文文,等. Cl-浓度对316 L不锈钢点蚀行为的影响\[J\]. 天然气与石油,2012,30(1):7175.
【12】SOLTIS J. Passivity breakdown,pit initiation and propagation of pits in metallic materials——Review\[J\]. Corrosion Science,2015,90:522.
【13】SHINDE V P,PATIL P P. A study on the electrochemical polymerization,characterization,and corrosion protection of otoluidine on steel\[J\]. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry,2013,17(1):2941.
【14】POWER R J,SHIROKOFF J. Techniques for In situ corrosion studies of 316L stainless steel in hydrometallurgical process solutions\[J\]. Recent Patents on Corrosion Science,2013,88(3):111.
【15】HU J Y,CAO S A,YIN L,et al. Electrochemical study on the corrosion of rusted carbon steel in dilute NaCl solutions\[J\]. AntiCorrosion Methods and Materials,2014,61(3):139145.
【16】BRIGHAM R J,TOZER E W. Temperature as a pitting criterion\[J\]. Corrosion,1973,29(1):3337.
【17】吴玮巍,蒋益明,廖家兴,等. Cl离子对304、316不锈钢临界点蚀温度的影响\[J\]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术,2009,27(1):1620.
【18】宋诗哲. 腐蚀电化学研究方法\[M\]. 北京:化学工业出版社,1988.
【19】KRAKOEWIAK S,DAROWICKI K,SLEPSKI P. Impedance of mestastable pitting corrosion\[J\]. Electroanalytical Chemistry,2005,575:228.
【20】杜楠,叶超,田文明,等. 304不锈钢点蚀行为的电化学阻抗谱研究\[J\]. 材料工程,2014(6):6873.
【21】EBRAHIMI N,MOMENI M,MOAYED M H,et al. A comparative study of critical pitting temperature (CPT) of stainless steels by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),potentiodynamic and potentiostatic techniques\[J\]. Corrosion Science,2012,59:96102.
【22】MONTICELLI C,BRUNORO G,FRIGNANI A,et al. Evaluation of corrosion inhibitors by electrochemical noise analysis\[J\]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1992,139:706711.
【23】HELMUTH S K,JOACHIM G,ANDREAS B,et al. Environmental factors affecting pitting corrosion of type 304 stainless steel investigated by electrochemical noise measurements under potentiostatic control\[J\]. Corrosion Science,2013,88(4):239247.
【24】杜楠,黄乐,徐珊,等. 304不锈钢点蚀行为的电化学噪声研究\[J\]. 失效分析与预防,2009,4(2):7176.
【25】GUSMANO G,MONTESPERELLI G,PACETTI S,et al. Electrochemical noise resistance as a tool for corrosion rate prediction\[J\]. Corrosion,1997,53(11):860868.
【26】杜楠,田文明,赵晴,等. 304不锈钢在3.5% NaCl溶液中的点蚀动力学及机理\[J\]. 金属学报,2012,48(7):807814.
【27】龙凤仪,杨燕,王树立,等. 微区电化学测量技术及其在腐蚀中的应用\[J\]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术,2015,27(2):194197.
【28】VUILLEMIN B,PHILIPPE X,OLTRA R,et al. SVET,AFM and AES study of pitting corrosion initiated on MnS inclusions by microinjection\[J\]. Corrosion Science,2002,45(6):11431147.
【29】TANG Y M,ZUO Y,WANG J N,et al. The metastable pitting potential and its relation to the pitting potential for four materials in chloride solutions\[J\]. Corrosion Science,2014,80:111119.
【30】VIGNAL V,KRAWIEC H,HEINTZ O,et al. The use of local electrochemical probes and surface analysis methods to study the electrochemical behaviour and pitting corrosion of stainless steels\[J\]. Electrochim Acta,2007,52(15):49945000.
【31】IZQUIERDO J,NAGY L,SOUTO R M,et al. Resolution of the apparent experimental discrepancies observed between SVET and SECM for the characterization of galvanic corrosion reactions\[J\]. Electrochem Commun,2013,27:5054.
【32】TIAN W M,DU N,LI S M,et al. Metastable pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel in 3.5% NaCl solution\[J\]. Corrosion Science,2014,85:372379.
【33】IZQUIERDO J,MARTNRUZ L,FERNNDEZPREZ B M,et al. Scanning microelectrochemical characterization of the effect of polarization on the localized corrosion of 304 stainless steel in chloride solution\[J\]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry,2014,728:148157.
【34】张明明,孟君,黄晓义,等. 利用SECM技术研究304不锈钢的点蚀行为\[J\]. 腐蚀与防护,2012,33(6):482486.
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