为了提高芳纶纤维复合材料的铣削加工质量, 采用液氮作为冷却液对其进行了超低温铣削, 对比研究了常温和超低温铣削条件下的主铣削力、加工表面微观形貌和表面粗糙度,并分析了超低温铣削对该复合材料加工表面质量的影响。结果表明: 常温和超低温铣削芳纶纤维复合材料时, 主铣削力均随主轴转速的增加而下降, 在相同主轴转速下, 超低温铣削时的铣削力更小; 超低温铣削后试样的表面粗糙度随主轴转速的增加而减小, 且均小于常温铣削后的, 其加工表面质量更佳; 在超低温条件下铣削能有效抑制起毛、烧蚀缺陷, 减少纤维的拉伸和弯曲断裂, 改善芳纶纤维复合材料的加工性能。

In order to improve milling quality of aramid fiber composite, the milling of the composite at cryogenic temperature were carried out with liquid nitrogen as cooling fluid, and then the main milling force, machined surface micro-morphology and surface roughness under the conditions of normal temperature and cryogenic temperature were studied and compared; the effect of cryogenic temperature milling on the machined surface quality of the composite was also analyzed. The results show that when milling the aramid fiber composite at normal and cryogenic temperatures, the main milling force both decreased with the increase of the spindle speed, and that at cryogenic temperature was lower with the same spindle speed. The surface roughness of the specimen after milling at cryogenic temperature decreased with the increase of the spindle speed, which was lower than that after milling at normal temperature, indicating the better quality of the machined surface. Milling at cryogenic temperature can effectively prevent the fluff and erosion deflects, decrease the tensile and bending rupture of the fiber, and improve the processing properties of the aramid fiber composite.