以河南两个典型矿区的粘土矿物为研究对象, 使用扫描电镜及能谱仪对不同矿区粘土的物相组成进行分析, 并着重分析具有纳米针状形貌的伊利石矿物。对结晶较好的样品进行提纯, 并分别使用乙醇和碳酸钠溶液对试样进行改性处理。结果表明: 粘土矿物含有高岭石、伊利石、赤铁矿及少量的石英矿物; 对矿物粘土提纯后, 使用质量分数为4%的碳酸钠溶液进行改性取得了较好的改性效果;处理后得到伊利石为主的矿物, 其针状结构在高效净水剂及陶瓷釉面等高附加值领域有着广阔的应用前景。

The clay minerals of two typical mining areas in Henan province were chosen as the study objects. The phase compositions of clay minerals of different mining areas were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy. The illite mineral with nanometer acicular morphology was analyzed emphatically. The sample crystallizing preferably was purified and modified by ethanol and sodium carbonate solution separately. The results show that: the clay minerals contained kaolinite, illite, hematite and a small amount of quartz mineral; the better modification effect could be obtained through 4% (mass fraction) sodium carbonate solution after the purification process. The mineral mainly including the illite was obtained after treatment, its needle-like structure had broad application prospect in high value-added field, such as efficient purifying agent and ceramic glaze.