通过热模拟试验对12Cr1MoV钢进行了不同工艺的正火+回火热处理，研究了热处理工艺对该钢显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：12Cr1MoV钢正火+回火后的正常显微组织为回火贝氏体+铁素体或回火贝氏体+铁素体+珠光体或铁素体+珠光体；如果回火温度过高或正火冷却速率不足，则分别会导致钢中出现两相区组织黄块马氏体和钒的碳化物沿晶界及晶内聚集长大的情况，显著降低钢的力学性能。

The effect of heat treatment process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 12Cr1MoV steel was studied by heat treatment simulation test with different normalizing and tempering process. The results show that the normal microstructure of 12Cr1MoV steel after normalizing and tempering was bainite and ferrite, or bainite, ferrite and pearlite, or ferrite and pearlite. If the tempering temperature was too high or the normalizing cooling rate was too low, it would generate yellow martensite in two-phase region or carbide containing vanadium precipitating accumulatively along the grain boundary and in the grain respectively, which would significantly reduce the mechanical properties of the steel.