采用不同的折射角分别对含有条孔带夹渣、裂纹和未焊透3种焊接缺陷的试样进行了超声检测，然后应用方差分析技术分析了探头折射角变化对这3种缺陷超声检测结果的影响。结果表明：折射角的变化对这3种缺陷位置和长度等数据的检测结果无显著影响，对条孔带夹渣等体积性缺陷最高反射波幅的检测结果亦无显著影响，但对裂纹和未焊透等面状缺陷的最高反射波幅的检测结果存在显著影响。

Ultrasonic testing was carried out to three specimens respectively containing three kinds of welding defects including slag inclusion on the blowhole, crack and incomplete penetration with different refraction angles, and then the influence of the refraction angle change on the ultrasonic testing results of these three welding defects was studied by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. The results show the change of the refraction angle had no significant influence on the location and length testing results of these three welding defects. It also had no significant influence on the testing results of the highest reflected amplitude of body defects such as slag inclusion on the blowhole. However, it had significant influence on the testing results of the highest reflected amplitude of plane defects such as crack and incomplete penetration.