煤制气装置变换气分离器浮阀的失效分析
Failure Analysis of Float Valve in Transformation Gas Separator of Coal Gasification Unit
摘 要
某化工厂变换气分离器的304L不锈钢浮阀使用7个月即发生腐蚀失效，采用腐蚀形貌观察、化学成分分析、显微组织检查、腐蚀产物分析等方法，对失效原因进行了研究。结果表明：浮阀在冷加工过程中产生了大量形变诱导马氏体，降低了材料的耐蚀性，在Br-引起的点蚀和H2S引起的活化腐蚀联合作用下，浮阀发生了快速腐蚀失效。
浮阀
H2S
Br-
形变诱导马氏体
coal gasification
float valve
H2S
Br-
deformation induced martensite
Abstract
Corrosion failure of a float valve in transformation gas separator unit occurred after servicing for 7 months.The failure reasons were analyzed by observation of corrosion morphology,analysis of chemical composition,examination of microstructure and analysis of corrosion products.The results show that a large amount of deformation induced martensite occurring in cold machining reduced the corrosion resistance of the float valve greatly.The joint action of activation corrosion caused by H2S and pitting caused by Br- made the float valve fail seriously.
中图分类号 TG172.9 DOI 10.11973/fsyfh-201904012
所属栏目 失效分析
基金项目
收稿日期 2015/11/9
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
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引用该论文: ZHOU Yang,JIANG Yong,WENG Xiaoxiang,GONG Jianming. Failure Analysis of Float Valve in Transformation Gas Separator of Coal Gasification Unit[J]. Corrosion & Protection, 2019, 40(4): 299
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参考文献
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【2】CHOI J Y,JIN W. Strain induced martensite formation and its effect on strainhardening behavior in the cold drawn 304 austenitic stainless steels[J]. Scripta Materialia,1997,36(1):99-104.
【3】陈海云,褚玲爱,盛水平,等. 奥氏体不锈钢封头的形变马氏体含量检测与影响因素[J]. 理化检验-物理分册,2012,48(12):779-783.
【4】ROCHA M R D,OLIVEIRA C A S D. Evaluation of the martensitic transformations in austenitic stainless steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2009,517(1/2):281-285.
【5】郑志军,高岩. 304不锈钢在ECAP过程中形变诱发马氏体的定量计算[J]. 材料工程,2008(10):137-141.
【6】CIGADA A,MAZZA B,PEDEFERRI P,et al. Stress corrosion cracking of cold working austenitic stainless steels[J]. Corrosion Science,1982,22(6):558-578.
【7】方智,吴荫顺. 形变诱发马氏体相变对304不锈钢在活化状态下电化学行为的影响[J]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术,1997,9(1):75-78.
【8】石凯,姜海一. 形变马氏体对奥氏体不锈钢封头性能的影响[J]. 材料与焊接,2012,30(2):21-24.
【9】KAMIDE H,FUJITSUKA K,TANAKA Y. Effect of carbon content on dissolution rate of α' prime martensite and 304 stainless steel in a H2SO4-NaCl solution[J]. Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals,1994,58(12):1414-1419.
【10】许淳淳,张新生,刘钢,等. 不锈钢冷加工形变诱发马氏体相变及其腐蚀行为[J]. 材料保护,2002,35(3):15-17.
【11】LIPPOLD J C,KOTECHI D J. Welding metallurgy and weld ability of stainless steels[M]. Hoboken,NJ,USA:John Wiley and Sons Inc,2005.
【12】李峰,巩建鸣,姜勇,等. 冷加工变形对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢在含溴醋酸溶液中耐腐蚀性能的影响[J]. 机械工程材料,2006,30(9):13-16.
【13】梁斌. 含溴醋酸环境下不锈钢腐蚀行为研究[D]. 南京:南京工业大学,2005.
【14】刘烈炜,胡倩,郭沨,等. 硫化氢对不锈钢在酸性体系中腐蚀行为影响的研究[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2002, 23(1):10-14.
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