对SAF2507铁素体-奥氏体双相不锈钢进行表面喷丸处理，采用X射线应力分析和衍射线形分析方法研究了喷丸对试验钢表面粗糙度、显微组织、残余应力的影响。结果表明：喷丸后铁素体相内位错较少，奥氏体相内出现大量位错缺陷，试验钢表面粗糙度增大，表层晶粒细化，显微畸变和位错密度增大；喷丸在试验钢的近表层引入了较高的残余压应力，奥氏体相和铁素体相中的最大压应力均出现在次表层，其值分别为915 MPa和763 MPa。

SAF2507 ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel surface was treated by shot peening. Effects of shot peening on surface roughness, microstructure and residual stress of the tested steel were studied by X-ray stress analysis and diffraction line-profile analysis. The results show that after shot peening, there were fewer dislocations in ferrite phase, a large number of dislocations in austenite phase, and the surface roughness of tested steel increased. The surface grain of the tested steel was refined, the micro-distortion and dislocation density increased. High residual compressive stress was introduced in the near surface layer of the tested steel by shot peening. The maximum compressive stress in austenite phase and ferrite phase appeared in the subsurface layer, with values of 915 MPa and 763 MPa, respectively.