以盐雾模拟沿海大气环境，采用失重法、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和电化学技术研究了3A12、5052、6063铝合金在沿海大气环境中的腐蚀规律及机理。结果表明：3种牌号铝合金的腐蚀质量损失与腐蚀时间均符合幂指数关系，具有相同的腐蚀产物和类似的腐蚀规律。腐蚀初期，在Cl^-作用下3种铝合金发生点蚀，随后点蚀发展为全面腐蚀，全面腐蚀过程中腐蚀产物层增厚，随后腐蚀进一步发展，外层腐蚀产物发生脱落，剩余致密的腐蚀产物层。电化学测试结果表明，在沿海大气环境中，3种牌号铝合金的耐蚀性依次为：5052 > 6063 > 3A12。

Salt spray was used to simulate the coastal atmospheric environment. The corrosion law and mechanism of 3A12, 5052, 6063 aluminum alloys in coastal atmospheric environment were studied by weight loss method, optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical technique. The results show that the corrosion mass loss and corrosion time of the three grades of aluminum alloy were in a power exponential relationship, with the same corrosion products and similar corrosion laws. At the initial stage of corrosion, pitting corrosion occurred in the three kinds of aluminum alloy under the action of Cl^-, and then pitting corrosion developed into general corrosion, and the corrosion product layer thickened during the overall corrosion process. And then corrosion further developed, and the outer corrosion product fell off, leaving a dense layer of corrosion products. Electrochemical test results show that the corrosion resistance order of the three grades of aluminum alloy in the coastal atmospheric environment was as follow:5052 > 6063 > 3A12.