在不同回火温度（550~640℃）、不同脉冲次数（1，2次）和脉冲持续时间（60～180 ms）下对热轧态35CrMo钢分别进行传统淬火+传统回火、电脉冲淬火+传统回火、传统淬火+电脉冲回火处理，对比研究了处理后的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明：电脉冲淬火+550℃传统回火、传统淬火+1次电脉冲回火以及传统淬火+2次电脉冲60 ms回火处理后，试验钢的组织与传统淬火+传统回火处理后的相似，均由马氏体和碳化物组成；随着回火温度的升高，电脉冲淬火+传统回火处理后的组织中出现层片状索氏体，试验钢的抗拉强度和硬度降低，伸长率增大；电脉冲淬火或回火均能提高试验钢的强塑性，电脉冲淬火+580℃传统回火处理后的强塑性最佳。

Hot rolled 35CrMo steel was treated by traditional quenching+traditional tempering, electrical pulse quenching+traditional tempering and traditional quenching+electrical pulse tempering at different tempering temperatures (550-640℃) and for different pulse times (1,2 times) and pulse duration (60-180 ms). The microstructures and mechanical properties after treatment were studied and compared. The results show that after electrical pulse quenching+traditional tempering at 550℃, traditional quenching+single electrical pulse tempering, and traditional quenching+two electrical pulse of 60 ms tempering treatment, the microstructures of the test steel were all similar to that after traditional quenching+traditional tempering; all were composed of martensite and carbides. With increasing tempering temperature, lamellar sorbite appeared in the structure after electrical pulse quenching+traditional tempering; the tensile strength and hardness of the test steel decreased, and the elongation increased. The electrical pulse quenching or tempering could improve the strength-ductility balance of the test steel, and the strength-ductility balance was the best after the electrical pulse quenching +traditional tempering at 580℃.