对于一般的电站锅炉主蒸汽管道，管壁厚且直径大，现场金相检验易于操作。但是对于薄壁管，尤其是高温、高压受热面，壁厚一般为3.0~4.0 mm，外径一般为30~50 mm，现场金相检验制样的难度极大。如果割管取样，不仅恢复难度大，也影响设备的使用性能。因此在现场金相检验的基础上，研究了一种针对电站锅炉高温受热面（珠光体铁素体耐热钢薄壁）管的金相检验方法。结果表明：使用便携式金相显微镜，利用该方法得到的显微组织形貌较清晰，分析结果准确、可靠。该方法不仅优化了检验环节，而且缩短了检验时间、提高了企业的经济效益，同时也避免了割管的损伤，解决了薄壁管焊接恢复难的问题。

For the general main steam pipeline of utility boiler, the pipe wall is thick and the diameter is large, so the field metallographic examination is easy to operate. However, for the thin-walled pipe, especially for the high-temperature and high-pressure heating surface, the wall thickness is generally 3.0-4.0 mm, and the outer diameter is generally 30-50 mm, so it is very difficult to prepare sample for field metallographic examination. If the pipe is cut for sampling, it is not only difficult to recover, but also affects the performance of the equipment. Therefore, based on the field metallographic examination, a metallographic examination method for high-temperature heating surface (pearlitic ferrite heat resistant steel thin-walled) pipe of utility boilers was studied. The results show that the microstructure morphology is clear and the analysis result is accurate and reliable by using the portable metallographic microscope and the sample preparation method. This method not only optimized the examination process, but also shortened the examination time and improved the economic benefits of the enterprise. At the same time, it avoided the damage of cutting pipe, and solved the problem of difficult welding recovery of thin-walled pipe.